Igneous Rocks ESRT

What are the two main types of igneous rocks?

• Intrusive (plutonic) and extrusive (volcanic) rocks.

• Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.

• Granite and basalt rocks.

• Lava and magma rocks.

How are extrusive igneous rocks formed?

• They are formed from magma that cools slowly underground.

• They are formed from lava that cools and solidifies quickly on the Earth's surface.

• They are formed from sediment that compacts over time.

• They are formed from volcanic ash that settles in water.

What is the texture of granite?

• Granite has a fine-grained texture due to rapid cooling of magma.

• Granite has a coarse-grained texture due to the slow cooling of magma.

• Granite has a glassy texture due to volcanic activity.

• Granite has a layered texture from sedimentary processes.

What is the significance of the cooling rate of magma or lava?

• It determines the color of the rock.

• It affects the crystal size in the rock; slow cooling results in larger crystals, while rapid cooling results in smaller crystals.

• It influences the viscosity of the magma.

• It has no significant effect on the rock formation.

What is a vesicular igneous rock?

• A type of sedimentary rock formed from compacted sediments.

• An extrusive rock that contains gas bubbles, giving it a porous texture.

• A metamorphic rock that has undergone significant heat and pressure.

• A volcanic rock that is primarily composed of quartz and feldspar.

How are intrusive igneous rocks formed?

• They are formed from lava that cools quickly on the Earth's surface.

• They are formed from magma that cools and solidifies slowly beneath the Earth's surface.

• They are formed from sediment that compacts over time.

• They are formed from volcanic ash that solidifies in the atmosphere.

What is the texture of basalt?

• Coarse-grained texture due to slow cooling.

• Fine-grained texture because it cools quickly.

• Glassy texture with no crystals.

• Porous texture with large air pockets.

What is obsidian?

• A type of sedimentary rock formed from compacted sand

• An extrusive igneous rock that is glassy and formed from rapid cooling of lava

• A metamorphic rock formed under high pressure and temperature

• A mineral found in igneous rocks that is used in jewelry

What is the difference between mafic and felsic igneous rocks?

• Mafic rocks are rich in silica and are lighter in color.

• Felsic rocks are rich in magnesium and iron, are darker in color, and have a higher density.

• Mafic rocks are rich in magnesium and iron, are darker in color, and have a higher density.

• Felsic rocks are rich in iron and have a higher density.

What is the relationship between igneous rocks and plate tectonics?

• Igneous rocks are formed at tectonic plate boundaries where magma can rise to the surface, such as at mid-ocean ridges and subduction zones.

• Igneous rocks are primarily formed through the process of erosion and sedimentation.

• Igneous rocks are created when tectonic plates collide and form metamorphic rocks.

• Igneous rocks are found only in volcanic regions and have no relation to plate tectonics.