Biology EOC Review

The organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food molecules into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use:

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• Mitochondrion

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

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The sodium potassium pump is an example of ______________________ transport.

• Passive transport

• Facilitated diffusion

• Active transport

• Osmosis

What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

• Chloroplasts are responsible for cellular respiration in plant cells.

• Chloroplasts are organelles that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

• Chloroplasts help in the absorption of water and minerals from the soil.

• Chloroplasts are involved in the synthesis of proteins in plant cells.

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What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

• Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where mRNA is translated into amino acid sequences.

• Ribosomes are responsible for DNA replication in the nucleus.

• Ribosomes help in the transport of nutrients across the cell membrane.

• Ribosomes are involved in the breakdown of waste materials in the cell.

What is the purpose of the cell membrane?

• To provide energy for the cell

• To regulate what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and support.

• To store genetic information

• To facilitate cell division

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What is the function of enzymes in biological reactions?

• Enzymes are hormones that regulate metabolic processes.

• Enzymes are catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

• Enzymes are structural proteins that provide support to cells.

• Enzymes are waste products of cellular metabolism.

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Endocytosis is an example of ________________ transport.

• Passive transport

• Facilitated transport

• Active transport

• Bulk transport

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells lack these features.

• Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles.

• Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells and have more complex structures.

• Eukaryotic cells can only be unicellular, while prokaryotic cells can be multicellular.

What is the significance of the cell cycle?

• It is essential for photosynthesis in plants.

• It is crucial for growth, development, and repair in organisms, ensuring proper cell division.

• It regulates the temperature of the cell.

• It is responsible for the synthesis of proteins.

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What is natural selection?

• A process where organisms are eliminated due to environmental changes.

• A method of breeding organisms for desired traits.

• The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

• A theory that suggests all species are static and unchanging.

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