Immune System and Pathogens Concepts

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What is the body's first line of defence against infection?

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Physical barriers, such as skin and mucous membranes, prevent pathogens from entering the body.

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What are antigens?

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Antigens are substances that trigger an immune response, often found on the surface of pathogens.

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What is active immunity?

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Active immunity is the immunity that develops after exposure to a pathogen or through vaccination, leading to the production of antibodies.

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What is the role of Helper T Cells in the immune system?

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Helper T Cells identify pathogens and activate other immune cells to respond to the infection.

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What is passive immunity?

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Passive immunity is the temporary immunity gained through the transfer of antibodies from another source, such as from mother to child.

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What are antibodies?

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Antibodies are proteins produced by B cells that specifically target and neutralize antigens.

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What is the function of white blood cells?

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White blood cells are crucial for the immune response, identifying and attacking pathogens.

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What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

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Innate immunity is the body's immediate, non-specific response to pathogens, while adaptive immunity is a delayed, specific response that develops over time.

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What are vaccines?

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Vaccines are substances that stimulate the immune system to develop immunity against specific pathogens without causing the disease.

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What is the role of Cytotoxic T Cells?

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Cytotoxic T Cells directly kill infected cells and cancer cells.