36 Do Now Now

Which of the following is a primary use of microwaves in communication systems?

• Cooking food

• Transmitting telephone and television signals

• Detecting earthquakes

• Measuring temperature

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What is the main function of a magnetron in a microwave oven?

• To cool the oven

• To generate microwave radiation

• To measure food temperature

• To rotate the food

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Which property of microwaves makes them suitable for radar technology?

• High energy absorption by metals

• Ability to penetrate clouds and fog

• Visible to the human eye

• Easily absorbed by glass

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Microwave remote sensing is commonly used for which of the following applications?

• Diagnosing bone fractures

• Monitoring weather patterns

• Cooking frozen meals

• Powering electric cars

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Which of the following best describes the role of microwaves in photonics?

• They are used to heat optical fibers

• They enable the transmission of information using light and microwave frequencies

• They are used to clean lenses

• They replace the need for lasers

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A doctor uses microwave ablation to treat a tumor. Which property of microwaves is being utilized in this medical application?

• Their ability to ionize atoms

• Their ability to heat targeted tissues

• Their ability to produce visible light

• Their ability to cool tissues

A satellite communication system uses microwaves to transmit data. What is one advantage of using microwaves for this purpose compared to lower frequency radio waves?

• Microwaves are less affected by atmospheric conditions

• Microwaves can carry more data due to higher bandwidth

• Microwaves are visible to the human eye

• Microwaves require less power to transmit

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A weather radar system detects a storm by sending out microwave pulses and measuring the time it takes for the echoes to return. Explain how the time delay helps determine the distance to the storm.

• The time delay is unrelated to distance

• The longer the time delay, the farther away the storm is, since distance equals speed of microwaves multiplied by time divided by two

• The shorter the time delay, the farther away the storm is

• The time delay only measures the size of the storm

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A scientist is designing a remote sensing system to monitor soil moisture using microwaves. What factors should the scientist consider to ensure accurate measurements?

• Only the color of the soil

• The frequency of microwaves, soil composition, and presence of vegetation

• The time of day only

• The brand of the sensor

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Compare the use of microwaves in medical imaging (such as microwave tomography) with their use in microwave ovens. What is a key difference in how microwaves interact with biological tissues in these two applications?

• In both cases, microwaves are used only for heating tissues

• In medical imaging, microwaves are used to create images based on tissue properties, while in ovens, they are used primarily to heat tissues

• In ovens, microwaves pass through tissues without any effect

• In medical imaging, microwaves are used to freeze tissues

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