AICE PSYCH Research methods

What is an experiment?

• When you test the quasi levels of brain waves in the eyes

• Looking for a casual relationship by manipulating an independent variable to cause an effect on the dependent variable

• Looking for a casual relationship by manipulating an dependent variable to cause an effect on the independent variable

• Looking for a intense relationship by changing the the IV to cause an effect on the DV

What are different types of experiments?

• Laboratory experiment, Field experiment, Quasi Experiment.

• Laboratory experiment, Field experiment, Quasi Experiment, and observed experiment.

• Laboratory experiment, Field experiment, Reviewed Experiment.

• Laboratory experiment, Field experiment, Observed Experiment, and Reviewed Experiment.

What is a Laboratory Experiment?

• -participants tested in their not so normal environment

  -Participants tested on their behavior

  -Less control of variables which increases ethics because nobody likes being controlled

• -participants tested in their normal environment

  -Participants tested on their normal behavior

  -Less control of variables

• -conducted in labs. Participants are not in their usual environment.

  -No controls over the situation

  -Standardization: procedure for participants kept the same so its not reliable whatsoever

• -conducted in artificial surroundings. Participants are not in their usual environment.

  -Strict controls over the situation

  -Standardization: procedure for participants kept the same

What is a strength and weakness of a lab experiment? (select 2)

• Weakness: Contain demand characteristics in setting, which can affect participants behavior to cater to experiments aim

• Weakness: Contains demand characteristics, this makes the participants want to please the experimenter and instead they decide to join the experimenter and observe the other participants

• Strength: Good control of extraneous variables

• Strength: Barely has any control but avoids extraneous variables

What is a field experiment?

• -participants tested on Italian brainrot

  -Participants tested on their normal behavior

  -Less control of variables than an observation

• -participants tested in their semi-normal environment

  -Participants tested on their alternative behavior

  -Less control of variables than a quasi experiment

• -participants tested in their normal environment

  -Participants tested on their normal behavior

  -Less control of variables than a lab experiment

• -participants tested in their homes

  -Participants tested on their normal behavior

  -More control of variables than an observation

What are the strengths and weaknesses of field experiments? (Select 2)

• Strengths:

  -participants more likely to behave naturally, increasing generalizability and ecological validity

  -if participants are unaware of the study, the problem of demand characteristics is less than in a lab experiment

• Strengths:

  -participants less likely to behave naturally, increasing generalizability and internal validity

  -if participants are unaware of the study, the problem of demand characteristics is more than in a quasi experiment

• Weakness:

  -control of extraneous variables is harder, lowering reliability

  -less validity due to less control of variables

  -ethical concerns of participants being unaware they are in a study

• Weakness:

  -control of extraneous variables is harder, increasing reliability

  -less ecological validity due to less control of variables

  -ethical concerns of participants being unaware they are in a study

What is a quasi experiment?

• -no manipulation of dependent variable

  -studies the effect of an already existing difference or change in null variable

  -not a true experiment because researcher is so Kevin

• -no manipulation of independent variable

  -studies the effect of an already existing difference or change in independent variable

  -not a true experiment because researcher has no control over changes in independent variable

• -manipulation of independent variable

  • - doesn’t study the effect of an already existing difference or change in independent variable

  - a true experiment because researcher has control over changes in independent variable

• -no manipulation of dependent variable

  -studies the effect of an already existing difference or change in dependent variable

  -not a true experiment because researcher has no control over changes in dependent variable

What are the strengths and weaknesses of a Quasi experiment? (Select 2)

• Strengths:

  -used to study real world issues/differences

  -behavior results are more likely to have ecological validity

• Strengths:

  -used to study altered factors that are not world issues/differences

  -behavior results are more likely to have internal validity

• Weaknesses:

  -Only possible when similarities arise naturally

  -No control over the dependent variable

• Weaknesses:

  -Only possible when differences arise naturally

  -No control over the independent variable

What is an uncontrolled variable?

• A variable that either acts randomly, affecting the DV in some levels of the IV, or systematically, i.e. on one level of the IV (called the confounding variable) so cannot obscure the effect of the IV making the results easier to interpret, the effects of which have not or cannot be limited or eliminated

• A variable that either acts randomly, affecting the DV in all levels of the IV, or systematically, i.e. on one level of the IV (called the compound variable) so can obscure the effect of the DV making the results difficult to interpret, the effects of which have been limited or eliminated

• A variable that either acts randomly, affecting the DV in all levels of the IV, or systematically, i.e. on one level of the IV (called the confounding variable) so can obscure the effect of the IV making the results difficult to interpret, the effects of which have not or cannot be limited or eliminated

• A variable that either acts randomly, affecting the IV in all levels of the DV, or systematically, i.e. on one level of the COV (called the confounding variable) so can obscure the effect of the DV making the results difficult to interpret, the effects of which have not or cannot be limited or eliminated

Experimental conditions

• One or more of the situations in an experiment that represent different levels of the DV and are compared (or compared to a observed condition)

• One or more of the situations in an experiment that represent different levels of the IV and are compared (or compared to a observed condition)

• One or more of the situations in an experiment that represent different levels of the DV and are compared (or compared to a control condition)

• One or more of the situations in an experiment that represent different levels of the IV and are compared (or compared to a control condition)