EOC Review #4: Protein Synthesis and Mutations

This chart shows which amino acids are produced from different combinations of mRNA.

What is the correct sequence of amino acids produced from a segment of mRNA described by AUG CUA GUG AAA?

• Methionine-Leucine-Valine-Lysine

• Methionine-Isoleucine-Lysine-Tyrosine

• Methionine-Leucine-Alanine-Aspartate

• Methionine-Leucine-Methionine-Histidine

A segment of mRNA has the base sequence UGU CAA ACU CGA. What is the base sequence of the original DNA segment?

• ACA GUU UGA GCU

• TCT GUU UGA GCU

• ACA GTT TGA GCT

• GAG TCC CTG TAC

Thirty percent of a particular DNA strand is made of adenine. During transcription, a new mRNA molecule is made from this DNA strand. Which is most correct about the mRNA molecule produced?

• 50% is cytosine

• 40% is guanine

• 30% is thymine

• 30% is uracil

Which most accurately describes the process of protein synthesis?

• mRNA --> DNA --> tRNA --> protein

• DNA --> mRNA --> tRNA --> protein

• translation --> transcription --> DNA --> protein

• translation --> transcription --> protein --> DNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

How does DNA help to form proteins?

• It creates proteins using nucleotides.

• It forms the bonds between amino acids.

• It creates reactants for proteins to be made.

• It gives instructions for the amino acid sequence.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A chemical is applied to cells which prevents the formation of RNA. A disruption of this process would most likely have a direct impact on which other process within the cell?

• ATP production

• photosynthesis

• DNA replication

• protein synthesis

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What type of mutation results when a single nucleotide is exchanged for a different nucleotide?

• deletion

• addition

• substitution

• translocation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Transcription and Translation are two important processes of protein synthesis. Read through the following descriptions. Which ones occur in Transcription?

• Uses DNA as a template to create mRNA

• Assembles amino acids into proteins

• Occurs in the nucleus

• Occurs in the ribosome which is found in the cytoplasm

• Occurs in the mitochrondria

Transcription and Translation are two important processes of protein synthesis. Read through the following descriptions. Which ones occur in Translation?

• Uses DNA as a template to create mRNA

• Assembles amino acids into proteins

• Occurs in the nucleus

• Occurs in the ribosome which is found in the cytoplasm

• Occurs in the mitochrondria

Which characteristic can best distinguish between two different proteins?

• the presence of nitrogen in the proteins

• the sequence of amino acids in the proteins

• the number of amino acids found in the proteins

• the location of the peptide bonds in the proteins