Spanish Colonization and Its Effects

Which Spanish system granted colonists the right to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans in the Americas?

• Hacienda system

• Encomienda system

• Feudal system

• Caste system

Who was Bartolome de las Casas, and what was his role during Spanish colonization?

• A Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztecs

• A missionary who defended the rights of Native Americans

• The first governor of New Spain

• An Inca emperor

Which of the following best describes the Columbian Exchange?

• The trade of gold and silver between Spain and the Americas

• The transfer of plants, animals, people, technology, and diseases between the Old World and the New World

• The spread of Christianity in the Americas

• The migration of Spanish settlers to Asia

Which disease, brought by Europeans, had a devastating impact on Native American populations during the Columbian Exchange?

• Malaria

• Smallpox

• Tuberculosis

• Influenza

Who led the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire?

• Francisco Pizarro

• Hernan Cortes

• Bartolome de las Casas

• Christopher Columbus

Explain how the introduction of horses by the Spanish changed the lives of Native Americans in the Americas.

• It made farming more difficult for Native Americans.

• It allowed Native Americans to travel farther and hunt more efficiently.

• It led to the extinction of native animals.

• It had no significant impact.

Describe one way the mission system affected Native American communities in the Spanish colonies.

• It encouraged Native Americans to form their own independent governments.

• It forced Native Americans to adopt European customs and Christianity.

• It allowed Native Americans to keep their traditional religions.

• It prevented any interaction between Spanish settlers and Native Americans.

How did the defeat of the Inca Empire by Francisco Pizarro impact the Spanish Empire’s wealth and power?

• It decreased Spanish influence in South America.

• It led to the acquisition of vast amounts of gold and silver, increasing Spain’s wealth.

• It resulted in the loss of Spanish soldiers and resources.

• It caused the Spanish to abandon further exploration.

Analyze how the spread of diseases during the Columbian Exchange affected the balance of power between Europeans and Native Americans.

• It made Native Americans stronger and more resistant to European conquest.

• It weakened Native American populations, making it easier for Europeans to conquer and colonize the Americas.

• It had no effect on the balance of power.

• It led to the immediate independence of Native American nations.

Evaluate the role of Bartolome de las Casas in changing Spanish policies toward Native Americans. What evidence supports his influence?

• He encouraged harsher treatment of Native Americans, leading to stricter laws.

• He advocated for the rights of Native Americans, leading to reforms such as the New Laws of 1542.

• He had no impact on Spanish policies.

• He supported the encomienda system without question.