Exploring Hydrocarbons

What is the general formula for alkanes?

• CnH2n

• C(n-1)H(2n+1)

• CnH(2n-2)

• CnH(2n+2)

What is the difference between alkanes and alkenes?

• Alkenes have a higher molecular weight than alkanes.

• Alkanes have only single bonds; alkenes have at least one double bond.

• Alkanes contain double bonds; alkenes contain only single bonds.

• Alkanes are more reactive than alkenes.

Describe the physical state of most alkanes at room temperature.

• Most alkanes are only found as liquids in cold conditions.

• Most alkanes are gases or liquids at room temperature.

• All alkanes are gases at room temperature.

• Most alkanes are solids at room temperature.

What type of bond is present in alkenes?

• Ionic bond (Na-Cl)

• Double bond (C=C)

• Triple bond (C≡C)

• Single bond (C-C)

How do hydrocarbons typically react with oxygen?

• Hydrocarbons react with oxygen to produce sulfur dioxide.

• Hydrocarbons typically react with oxygen in combustion, producing carbon dioxide and water.

• Hydrocarbons do not react with oxygen at all.

• Hydrocarbons react with oxygen to form nitrogen gas.

What is the process of cracking in hydrocarbons?

• The process of cracking in hydrocarbons involves breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones using heat, pressure, or catalysts.

• Cracking refers to the natural formation of hydrocarbons under high pressure.

• The process of cracking involves combining smaller molecules into larger ones.

• Cracking is the process of purifying hydrocarbons using water.

Define isomerism in the context of hydrocarbons.

• Isomerism is the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures or arrangements in hydrocarbons.

• Isomerism is the process of combining hydrocarbons to form larger molecules.

• Isomerism is the phenomenon where hydrocarbons can only exist in one structural form.

• Isomerism refers to the presence of different compounds with varying molecular formulas in hydrocarbons.

What are structural isomers?

• Compounds that have the same structural arrangement but different molecular weights.

• Compounds with different molecular formulas and similar structures.

• Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.

• Compounds that are identical in every way except for their color.

What is the significance of boiling points in hydrocarbons?

• Boiling points indicate the molecular weight of hydrocarbons.

• Boiling points indicate the strength of intermolecular forces and help determine the phase of hydrocarbons.

• Boiling points determine the color of hydrocarbons.

• Boiling points are irrelevant to hydrocarbon properties.

List two common uses of hydrocarbons in everyday life.

• Cooking oil for frying

• 1. Fuel for vehicles (e.g., gasoline) 2. Raw materials for plastics and chemicals

• Lubricants for machinery

• Cleaning agents for household use