Biology Unit 5 Exam

What ecological level is more specific than an ecosystem but less specific than a population?

• species

• habitat

• community

• biome

What are examples of secondary succession? Select all that apply. (2)

• A severe drought kills most of the species in an area. Once the area gets more rain, new vegetation starts to appear.

• A volcano erupts and a new island forms in the ocean. Lichens start to colonize the new island.

• An earthquake causes rocks to be exposed for the first time. Bacteria start to colonize the rocks.

• A mudslide removes most of the plant life from a habitat. Afterwards, some mosses from neighboring habitats start to move in.

Which of the following defines primary production?

• the conversion of inorganic carbon to organic carbon

• the amount of energy found in each trophic level

• the recycling of nutrients by decomposers

• the amount of energy that moves from one trophic level to the next

Which of the following statements about energy flow in an ecosystem are true? Select all that apply. (2)

• Tertiary consumers eat secondary consumers.

• Secondary consumers eat tertiary consumers.

• Chemical energy is transferred to a primary consumer when it eats a secondary consumer.

• Chemical energy is transferred to a primary consumer when it eats a producer.

Why does the amount of energy in an ecosystem decrease from one trophic level to the next? Select all that apply. (3)

• It is released as heat.

• The organism may not have been eaten, it decomposes instead.

• It is used by the organism to carry out life processes.

• It is destroyed.

What part of the carbon cycle breaks down carbohydrates into carbon dioxide and water?

• photosynthesis

• decomposition

• respiration

• erosion

How is carbon dioxide fixed into carbon that is usable for biological life?

• volcanic activity

• photosynthesis

• respiration

• decomposition

A region has mostly dark colored soil, but a small patch of light-colored soil creates a microclimate. Which of the following is an expected feature of this microclimate?

• windier than the surrounding climate

• lower temperature than the surrounding climate

• higher temperature than the surrounding climate

• less windy than the surrounding climate

What property of greenhouse gases allows them to maintain a suitable temperature on the Earth?

• They allow heat emitted by the Earth to escape into space.

• They allow heat from the Sun to reach Earth.

• They reflect heat emitted by the Earth, back down towards the planet.

• They allow light energy from the Sun to reach Earth, but block heat energy from the Sun.

How does movement into or out of an area affect population size? Select all that apply. (2)

• Immigration increases population size.

• Immigration decreases population size.

• Emigration increases population size.

• Emigration decreases population size.