Topic 8: Body Systems

pathogen

• A microorganism, such as a bacterium or virus, that causes infection.

• A type of antibiotic used to treat infections.

• A vaccine that prevents diseases caused by viruses.

• A method of sterilization to eliminate microorganisms.

immune response

• Process that occurs when the cells of the immune system react to each kind of pathogen with a specifically targeted defense.

• A general reaction of the body to any injury or infection.

• The body's ability to produce antibodies against any foreign substance.

• A non-specific defense mechanism that includes barriers like skin and mucous membranes.

digestion

• Process by which the body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules.

• A method of cooking food to enhance flavor.

• The act of eating food without any processing.

• A technique for preserving food for long periods.

heart

• Hollow, muscular organ responsible for pumping blood through the circulatory system.

• A type of blood cell that helps in clotting.

• An organ that filters waste from the blood.

• A structure that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.

urea

• a waste chemical removed from blood and excreted into urine

• a type of protein found in muscles

• a hormone that regulates blood sugar

• a mineral essential for bone health

stomach

• muscular organ where a major part of digestion occurs

• small organ responsible for nutrient absorption

• gland that produces digestive enzymes

• tube connecting the throat to the stomach

small intestine

• long, tube-like organ where most chemical digestion and absorption take place

• short, wide organ primarily responsible for water absorption

• muscular organ that stores food before digestion

• small pouch that connects the esophagus to the stomach

immunity

• The body's ability to destroy pathogens before they cause disease.

• A type of vaccine that prevents infections.

• The process of healing wounds after an injury.

• A method of diagnosing diseases through blood tests.

immune

• Not affected or influenced by a pathogen.

• Easily infected by pathogens.

• Having a strong immune response to all diseases.

• A state of being allergic to pathogens.

blood

• The main transporter of all materials necessary for the body to function.

• A type of connective tissue that helps in immune response.

• A liquid that helps in digestion and nutrient absorption.

• A waste product that is filtered by the kidneys.