What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

• To store genetic information

• To produce energy

• To synthesize proteins

• To facilitate transport of substances

Which of the following is a characteristic of passive transport?

• Involves vesicular transport

• Requires energy input

• Occurs along the concentration gradient

• Moves substances against their concentration gradient

What type of transport mechanism is the sodium-potassium pump an example of?

• Secondary active transport

• Primary active transport

• Passive transport

• Facilitated diffusion

Which ion has a higher concentration in extracellular fluid compared to intracellular fluid?

• Sodium

• Calcium

• Chloride

• Potassium

What is the role of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion?

• To generate energy for transport

• To bind and transport specific molecules

• To create a barrier for ions

• To form channels for water

How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?

• Higher temperatures decrease diffusion

• Temperature has no effect on diffusion

• Higher temperatures increase diffusion

• Temperature only affects active transport

What is the primary driving force behind osmosis?

• Concentration differences of solutes

• Electrical gradients

• Temperature changes

• Pressure gradients

Which of the following describes the patch-clamp method?

• A technique for measuring blood pressure

• A method for isolating ion channels

• A way to study cellular metabolism

• A technique for measuring temperature

What is the significance of the Nernst potential?

• It determines the rate of osmosis

• It indicates the electrical potential across a membrane

• It measures the concentration of proteins

• It describes the permeability of the membrane

Which type of transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient?

• Passive transport

• Facilitated diffusion

• Active transport

• Simple diffusion