Basic Chemistry Concepts

molecular formula

• A formula that specifies the actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule of a substance

• A formula that represents the simplest whole-number ratio of elements in a compound

• A formula that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule

• A formula that indicates the total number of atoms in a compound without specifying their types

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

phase of matter

• The different forms that matter can take depending on its temperature and pressure; typically solid, liquid, or gas

• A term used to describe the chemical composition of a substance

• The process by which matter changes from one state to another

• A measurement of the density of a substance

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

stoichiometry

• The study of quantitative relationships between the amounts of reactants used and products formed by a chemical reaction; is based on the law of conservation of mass

• The process of balancing chemical equations to ensure equal numbers of atoms on both sides

• The measurement of the speed at which a chemical reaction occurs

• The analysis of the energy changes that occur during a chemical reaction

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

solid

• Has a fixed shape and volume

• Can change shape and volume

• Has no definite shape but a definite volume

• Is always liquid at room temperature

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

element

• A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means and still maintain its original properties

• A mixture of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means

• A compound formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements

• A substance that can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

mole

• A unit of measurement for temperature

• The counting unit used in chemistry to measure the amount of a substance; equal to 6.02x10^23 representative particles

• A type of chemical bond

• A measure of the volume of a gas

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

electron

• A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom

• A negatively charged particle that moves through the empty space surrounding an atom’s nucleus

• A neutral particle that is part of the nucleus of an atom

• A particle that has no charge and is found in the electron cloud

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

gas

• Fills the shape and volume of the container it is in

• Has a definite shape and volume

• Is incompressible and rigid

• Has a fixed volume but no fixed shape

product

• A substance formed during a chemical reaction

• A type of chemical bond

• A catalyst that speeds up reactions

• A reactant that is consumed

matter

• Anything that has volume and mass

• A substance that can be seen and touched

• A type of energy that can be measured

• A concept that describes the absence of substance

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-5