What is the de Broglie hypothesis?

• The de Broglie hypothesis states that particles have wave-like properties, with a wavelength inversely proportional to their momentum.

• The de Broglie hypothesis claims that all matter is made of waves.

• The de Broglie hypothesis suggests that particles can exist in multiple places at once.

• The de Broglie hypothesis states that light behaves like a particle only.

How is the de Broglie wavelength derived?

• λ = h^2/p

• λ = h/p

• λ = p/h

• λ = 2πh/p

What is the formula for calculating de Broglie wavelength?

• λ = p / h

• λ = h * p

• λ = h + p

• λ = h / p

Explain the difference between phase velocity and group velocity.

• Phase velocity is the speed of a single wave phase; group velocity is the speed of the wave packet's envelope.

• Phase velocity and group velocity are the same and refer to the speed of light in a vacuum.

• Phase velocity refers to the speed of sound in a medium; group velocity is irrelevant to wave motion.

• Phase velocity is the speed of a wave packet; group velocity is the speed of a single wave phase.

How do phase velocity and group velocity relate to wave packets?

• Phase velocity is the same as group velocity.

• Group velocity only applies to sound waves.

• Phase velocity determines the energy of wave packets.

• Phase velocity relates to individual wave components, while group velocity relates to the speed of wave packets.

State Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle.

• The position of a particle can be known exactly without any uncertainty.

• The product of the uncertainties in position and momentum of a particle is always greater than or equal to a constant (h/4π).

• The uncertainties in position and momentum can be minimized to zero simultaneously.

• The momentum of a particle is always constant regardless of its position.

What is the mathematical expression for Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle?

• Δx / Δp = h/4π

• Δx * Δp ≥ h/4π

• Δx * Δp = h

• Δx + Δp = h/2π

Provide an example of an application of the Uncertainty Principle.

• An example of the Uncertainty Principle is the behavior of electrons in an atom, where precise measurement of an electron's position leads to increased uncertainty in its momentum.

• The Uncertainty Principle explains the exact position of a planet in its orbit.

• The Uncertainty Principle states that all particles can be measured simultaneously with perfect accuracy.

• An example is the precise measurement of a car's speed without affecting its position.

How does the de Broglie wavelength relate to the momentum of a particle?

• The de Broglie wavelength has no relation to the momentum of a particle.

• The de Broglie wavelength is equal to the momentum of a particle.

• The de Broglie wavelength is directly proportional to the momentum of a particle.

• The de Broglie wavelength is inversely proportional to the momentum of a particle.

Discuss the significance of matter waves in quantum mechanics.

• Matter waves are solely a theoretical concept without practical applications.

• Matter waves are crucial in quantum mechanics as they illustrate the wave-particle duality of matter, leading to key principles like wave functions and uncertainty.

• Matter waves are only relevant in classical physics.

• Matter waves do not affect particle behavior at all.