Cardiovascular and Microbiology Concepts

Coronary Bypass

• A surgical operation to shunt blood around an obstruction in a coronary artery, involving grafting a vein segment to increase blood flow.

• A procedure to remove plaque from the arteries to improve blood flow.

• A technique to replace damaged heart valves to restore normal blood flow.

• A method of using medication to dissolve blood clots in the coronary arteries.

Antibody

• A type of white blood cell that fights infections.

• An antigen-binding immunoglobulin produced by B cells, functioning as the effector in an immune response.

• A protein that helps in blood clotting.

• A hormone that regulates metabolism.

Heart Attack

• An acute episode of heart disease marked by death or damage of heart muscle due to insufficient blood supply.

• A chronic condition characterized by high blood pressure and cholesterol levels.

• A sudden loss of consciousness due to a lack of blood flow to the brain.

• A condition where the heart beats irregularly and can lead to heart failure.

Stroke

• Sudden loss of consciousness and motion caused by rupture or obstruction of a blood vessel in the brain.

• A gradual weakening of the muscles leading to paralysis.

• A temporary interruption of blood flow to the heart.

• A sudden increase in blood pressure causing headaches.

Bacteria

• Single-celled microorganisms that are often noted for their biochemical effects and pathogenicity.

• Multicellular organisms that can photosynthesize.

• Complex organisms that require oxygen to survive.

• Organisms that are only found in extreme environments.

Fungus

• Photosynthetic organisms that produce their own food.

• Saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing organisms like molds, rusts, and yeasts.

• Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus.

• Multicellular organisms that can move independently.

B Lymphocyte (B Cell)

• A type of lymphocyte that develops in the bone marrow and later produces antibodies.

• A type of red blood cell responsible for oxygen transport.

• A type of white blood cell that primarily fights viral infections.

• A type of cell that produces insulin in the pancreas.

Aseptic Technique

• A procedure performed under sterile conditions.

• A method to sterilize equipment using heat.

• A technique to enhance bacterial growth.

• A process to clean surfaces with disinfectants.

Heart Disease

• A normal condition of the heart

• An abnormal organic condition of the heart or circulation.

• A type of exercise for heart health

• A medication for heart conditions

Stenting

• A surgical procedure for inserting a stent to keep a passageway open in an anatomical vessel.

• A method for removing blockages in blood vessels using medication.

• A technique for repairing damaged tissues using sutures.

• A diagnostic procedure to visualize internal organs using imaging technology.