How the Muscular and Nervous Systems Work Together

What is the role of acetylcholine in muscle contraction?

• It triggers an action potential in the muscle fiber.

• It breaks down muscle fibers.

• It inhibits nerve impulses.

• It acts as a muscle relaxant.

Which part of the brain is involved in refining movement, balance, and muscle coordination?

• Cerebellum

• Motor cortex

• Basal ganglia

• Spinal cord

What is the primary difference between reflexes and voluntary movements?

• Reflexes are involuntary and rapid, while voluntary movements are planned and conscious.

• Reflexes require conscious planning, while voluntary movements are automatic.

• Reflexes involve the cerebellum, while voluntary movements bypass the brain.

• Reflexes are slower than voluntary movements.

What condition did Eva suffer from that affected her muscle function?

• Pinched nerve

• Multiple sclerosis

• ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)

• Peripheral neuropathy

What happens at the neuromuscular junction during muscle contraction?

• Acetylcholine is released and binds to receptors on the muscle membrane.

• Calcium ions are absorbed by the muscle fiber.

• The sarcoplasmic reticulum breaks down.

• Actin and myosin filaments detach.

Why did the pinched nerve reduce Eva’s grip strength?

What does Eva’s recovery illustrate about the neuromuscular relationship?

The release of which neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction initiates muscle contraction?

• Dopamine

• Serotonin

• Acetylcholine

• Glutamate

A reflex arc typically bypasses:

• The spinal cord

• Motor neurons

• Higher brain centers for faster response

• Sensory receptors

Match the terms to their descriptions

• Motor Neuron

• Signal conductor carrying impulses to muscle fibers

• Acetylcholinesterase

• Enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine

• Peripheral Neuropathy

• Condition involving nerve damage outside the brain and spinal cord

• Neuromuscular Junction

• Location where motor neurons release neurotransmitter to muscle fiber

• Voluntary Movement

• Intentional muscle action initiated by the brain