APES Semester Exam Review

What is age structure in a population?

• The average age of individuals in a population.

• The distribution of individuals of different ages within a population.

• The total number of individuals in a population.

• The age at which individuals reproduce.

What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?

• Primary succession occurs in lifeless areas where soil has not yet formed, while secondary succession occurs in areas where a disturbance has destroyed an existing ecosystem but left the soil intact.

• Primary succession occurs after a forest fire, while secondary succession occurs after a volcanic eruption.

• Primary succession happens in areas with existing soil, while secondary succession happens in areas with no soil.

• Primary succession is a faster process than secondary succession, which takes longer to establish.

What characterizes Stage 4 of population growth?

• The total population is rapidly increasing.

• The total population is leveling out, indicating a stable population size.

• The total population is decreasing significantly.

• The total population is experiencing high birth rates.

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What is the role of producers in an ecosystem?

• Producers convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food web.

• Producers are organisms that consume other organisms for energy.

• Producers are responsible for decomposing organic matter in the ecosystem.

• Producers regulate the population of consumers in the ecosystem.

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Define biodiversity.

• Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, including species diversity, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity.

• Biodiversity is the total number of species in a given area, regardless of their genetic differences.

• Biodiversity is the process of creating new species through evolution and natural selection.

• Biodiversity refers to the number of individuals of a single species in an ecosystem.

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Explain the term 'biomagnification.'

• A process where toxic substances decrease in concentration at each level of the food chain.

• The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in organisms at each successive level of the food chain.

• A method of measuring the biodiversity in an ecosystem.

• The phenomenon where organisms adapt to their environment over time.

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What does habitat diversity refer to?

• The number of species in a habitat

• The variety of different habitats within an ecosystem or the world.

• The total biomass of an ecosystem

• The geographical distribution of species

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What is the significance of keystone species?

• They are the most abundant species in an ecosystem.

• They are critical to the structure of an ecosystem; their removal can lead to significant changes in the ecosystem.

• They are species that have no impact on their ecosystem.

• They are species that are at the top of the food chain.

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What is a trophic level?

• A position in a food chain representing the flow of energy and nutrients.

• A type of ecosystem where organisms live.

• The total number of species in a habitat.

• A measure of the biodiversity in an area.

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Why are sea otters important to their ecosystem?

• They help maintain the health of kelp forests by feeding on sea urchins.

• They are the primary predators of fish in the ocean.

• They contribute to the carbon cycle by decomposing organic matter.

• They are a food source for larger marine mammals.

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