Science 7 - Post Test Part 2

A population of rabbits follows the typical pattern of inheritance and the law of dominance for fur color. B is the allele for brown fur and b is the allele for white fur. In a population of rabbits, 160 bunnies are born. How many bunnies should be white, according to the Punnett square?

• 40

• 60

• 80

• 100

Plant height, leaf shape, and flower color are all examples of what in plants?

• inherited traits

• transport parts

• environmental factors

• adaptations

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Using the CORRECT terminology, matched with the correct lettered structures, explain how all are related to inheritance.

• A. This cell (B) contains chromosomes (A) in the nucleus (C). The chromosomes are made up of genes (D) that are made of short strands of DNA (E).

• B. In every cell on Earth (B), DNA (A) is found in the nucleus (C). The DNA is organized into genes (D) which build chromosomes (E), which we inherit from our parents.

• C. This is a cell (B) with a nucleus (C) containing DNA (A). The DNA is organized into chromosomes (D). A section of the chromosome that codes for a trait is called a gene (E).

• D. This is a cell (B) with a nucleus (C) that contains 46 chromosomes (A). The chromosomes are makeup of many genes (E) that, in turn, are made up of long strands of tightly coiled DNA (D).

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The graph above was made by a biologist working in the Galapagos islands. The biologist examined the stomach contents of the ground finch, the leaf finch, and the cactus finch, to determine what foods they usually ate. The graph shows the average number of seeds of the 4 most common plant species found in the stomach of each type of bird. These finches live on the same island, close to one another. Based on this information, explain why these finches can co-exist in the same habitat.

• The three finches do not occupy the same feeding niche.

• The three finches have different habitats from one another.

• The finches compete for food and each finch is successful in one area of the island.

• Since daisy seeds make up a large portion of the diet of two finches, the third can eat what it likes.

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Evaluate each of the statements below. Select those that accurately describe the role of genes and chromosomes in the process of inheriting a specific trait. Choose all THREE that apply.

• Chromosomes are made of DNA.

• There are 26 pairs of chromosomes in humans.

• Alleles are the different forms of a gene that can exist.

• Chromosomes contain genes that control the inheritance of traits.

• Genes are made of chromosomes and contain all of the genetic information for an organism.

A student is creating a model of a eukaryotic cell to demonstrate their understanding of the organelles and their functions. The student has a battery for a power source, a rigid poster board for support, a light bulb that can blink on and shine light, and a Ziplock bag filled with water. Which statements are most appropriate to evaluate the use of these materials in the student's model? Select ALL that apply.

• The battery can represent the mitochondria, which powers the cell's activities.

• The Ziplock bag can represent the cell membrane, which is mostly a water-filled structure.

• The light bulb can represent the chloroplast, which uses light energy to perform photosynthesis.

• The rigid poster board can be the cell wall, since it can give structural support outside of the cell.

• The light bulb can represent the nucleus, since the nucleus transfers all of the energy from one part of the cell to another.

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Your science teacher has asked the class to make an analogy of a cell (e.g., city, house). For a city analogy, which building or business in the city could represent the mitochondria, and why?

• power company - produces energy

• city dump - waste storage

• city hall - control center

• roads - transportation system

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Hip dislocation is a genetic problem associated with a certain dog breed. One method of getting rid of this problem in future generations would be

• to cross dogs that have not suffered hip dislocation.

• to introduce genes only from closely-related dogs of the breed.

• to cross a dog that has suffered hip dislocation with one that has not.

• to introduce a gene from a breed in which the problem is less evident.

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What happens to any matter that is not used by consumers in a food chain?

• It remains unconsumed forever.

• It is stored by all consumers for use in the future.

• It is recycled by producers and brought back into the food chain later.

• It is decomposed by decomposers and brought back into the food chain later.

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Matter and energy are transferred through food webs, beginning with solar energy used for photosynthesis. A catastrophic event eliminates all plant life associated with this food web. Hypothesize as to the result of eliminating all the plants in this situation.

• Only the fungi would survive.

• Birds and nematodes would thrive.

• The food web would completely collapse.

• The food web would produce more bacteria to compensate.

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