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Question 13.

a. Mi. I'm fine, thanks. By the way, we moved to a new house in a suburb last month.

b. Ann. Oh, that's why I haven't seen you in the Green Club very often.

c. Ann. Hi, Mi. Long time no see. How're you doing?

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Question 14.

a. Lisa. That sounds promising. How can we contribute to these efforts?

b. Mike. I've been researching global warming solutions. Did you know that renewable energy usage has significantly increased?

c. Lisa. That's great news! What other initiatives are in place to combat climate change?

d. Mike. We can start by reducing our carbon footprint and supporting environmental policies.

e. Mike. There are also reforestation projects and international agreements focused on reducing emissions.

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Question 15.

Hi Eva,

a. I'm glad to hear that your school is starting a green initiative to protect the environment

b. It's wonderful that students are encouraged to participate in projects like tree planting and recycling.

c. Keep me posted on your progress, and perhaps I can share some ideas from our club's activities.

d. Thanks for your email about the new environmental club at your school.

e. I believe that every small effort contributes to a bigger change.

Write back soon,

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Question 16.

a. Additionally, global warming affects agriculture by altering rainfall patterns and increasing the frequency of extreme weather events.

b. Global warming is a pressing issue that leads to significant changes in the Earth's climate.

c. These changes threaten food security and the livelihoods of millions of people worldwide.

d. One major consequence is the rise in global temperatures, which causes severe droughts and floods.

e. As temperatures continue to rise, the urgency for effective solutions becomes more apparent.

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Question 17.

a. As the problem is getting worse, we must implement immediate solutions to make the world a better place to live.

b. One major type of pollution is air pollution, which is mostly caused by fumes and gases released from vehicles and factories.

c. Another concerning type is sea pollution, resulting from oil spills and factory waste.

d. The contamination of the sea and ocean is damaging both marine and human lives.

e. We are constantly hearing about global problems, like pollution on TV, radio, and in the newspaper.

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Plastic bags are used by everybody. From a vegetable vendor to a designer store, everyone seems to use them. But, most of us are blissfully unaware of the outcomes that are occurring and will take place in the future because of the plastic bags.

Every once in a while, the government passes out an order banning store owners from providing plastic bags to customers for carrying their purchases. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers as well as consumers because they are cheap, strong, lightweight, functional, as well as a hygienic means of carrying food as well as other goods. About a hundred billion plastic bags are used every year in the U.S. alone. And then, when one considers the huge economies and populations of India, China, Europe, and other parts of the world, the numbers can be staggering. The problem is further worsened by the developed countries shipping off their plastic waste to developing countries like India.

Once they are used, most bags go into landfills. Each year, more and more bags are ending up littering the environment. Once they become litter, plastic bags find their way into our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets. About 100,000 animals, such as dolphins, turtles, whales, penguins are killed every year due to these bags. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food, and therefore, die. And worse, the ingested plastic bag remains intact even after the death and decomposition of the animal. One of the worst environmental effects is that they are non-biodegradable. The decomposition takes about 400 years. No one will live so long to witness the decomposition of plastic!

A tote bag can make a good solution for carrying groceries and the shopping. For a clean and green environment, try to use alternatives to plastic whenever and wherever possible.

Question 23. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?

• A. plastic bags will not pollute our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets.

• B. plastic bags often end up in our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets.

• C. concerning in our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets, plastic bags often start off.

• D. plastic bags are hardly polluted our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets.

Question 24. The word “solution” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by _______ .

• A. Key

• B. situations

• benefits

• consequences

Question 25. What does the word “them” in the first paragraph refer to?

• personal development

• everyone

• plastic bags

• good substitutes

Question 26. The word “worsened” in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______ .

• improved

• declined

• weakened

• reduced

Question 27. According to the second paragraph, what is NOT TRUE about the reality of plastic bags?

• A. Importing plastic waste from developed countries makes the problem more sophisticated.

• B. The more population a country has, the more complicated the plastic pollution is.

• C. The governments do not prohibit the use of plastic bags at the stores.

• D. Plastic bags are often used because of their convenience.