How Do We Tell Right From Wrong?

Which statement best states a central idea of the article? (RI.2)

• Lawrence Kohlberg interviewed a group of young men about moral decision-making.

• Lawrence Kohlberg realized that people make decisions the same way their entire lives.

• Lawrence Kohlberg concluded that people's moral decision-making develops as they age.

• Lawrence Kohlberg found that young children make decisions based on avoiding punishment.

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CCSS.RI. 9-10.2

CCSS.RI.8.2

CCSS.RL.7.2

CCSS.RL.8.2

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

Which of the following best describes the author’s primary purpose in writing this article? (RI.6)

• To convince readers that Kohlberg’s theory is outdated

• To explain how moral development can be studied scientifically

• To entertain readers with stories of moral dilemmas

• To criticize how children are taught about right and wrong

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CCSS.RI.7.6

CCSS.RI.7.9

CCSS.RI.8.6

CCSS.RI.8.9

CCSS.RL.8.6

Which statement best describes the difference between preconventional reasoning and postconventional reasoning? (RI.3)

• Preconventional reasoning is based on community norms, but postconventional reasoning is based on religious beliefs.

• Preconventional reasoning is based on avoiding punishment, but postconventional reasoning is based on earning rewards.

• Preconventional reasoning is based on benefiting oneself, but postconventional reasoning is based on one's personal morals and values.

• Preconventional reasoning is based on following one's moral principles, but postconventional reasoning is based on doing what is best for oneself.

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CCSS.RI.7.7

CCSS.RI.8.7

CCSS.RL.7.7

CCSS.RL.8.5

CCSS.RL.8.7

According to Kohlberg, how does Stage 4 moral reasoning represent a greater concern for society than Stage 3 reasoning? (RI.3)

• Stage 4 moral reasoning is concerned about society's laws instead of a desire for approval.

• Stage 4 moral reasoning is concerned about society's approval instead of what is morally right.

• Stage 4 moral reasoning is concerned about other people's approval instead of personal rewards.

• Stage 4 moral reasoning is concerned about other people's success instead of avoiding punishment.

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CCSS.RI. 9-10.7

CCSS.RI.8.7

CCSS.RL.7.7

CCSS.RL.8.5

CCSS.RL.8.7

Which quotation below best supports the idea that the common good becomes more important to people as they age? (RI.1)

• Kohlberg came up with a theory to describe the different ways that human beings make moral choices. (Paragraph 5)

• They tend to follow the rules that their parents and teachers make because they are thinking about getting something good or not getting in trouble. (Paragraph 7)

• They see rules as being the same for everyone, and they think it is important and valuable to do what one is 'supposed' to do. (Paragraph 12)

• Once a person begins to think in a Stage 5 way about what benefits the community as a whole, they will almost never go back to a Stage 2 level of looking out for themselves first. (Paragraph 16)

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CCSS.RL.2.6

CCSS.RL.8.3

What is the author’s main purpose in including the “Heinz Steals the Drug” scenario? (RI.6)

• To argue that Heinz was justified in breaking the law

• To explain why people sometimes make poor choices

• To show how Kohlberg tested moral reasoning in his research

• To highlight the unfair cost of medicine

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CCSS.RI.8.6

CCSS.RI.8.9

CCSS.RL.7.6

CCSS.RL.8.6

CCSS.RL.9-10.6

Which quotation best supports the idea that people’s moral reasoning changes over time? (RI.1)

• We make thousands of decisions a day, large and small.

• Kohlberg noticed that most of the interview subjects developed new ways of thinking about ethics over the years.

• Kohlberg and his team of interviewers presented the scenarios to each boy one at a time…

• Then Kim walks quickly out the door without paying.

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CCSS.RL.2.6

CCSS.RL.8.3

Which of the following best explains how the author develops the idea that moral reasoning changes as people grow? (RI.5)

• By showing how Kohlberg changed his theory over time

• By listing laws that apply differently to children and adults

• By describing how people at different ages respond to the same moral dilemma

• By interviewing teachers about student behavior

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CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5