Research Design Flashcard

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What is a correlation coefficient?

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A statistical measure that describes the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables, ranging from -1 to +1.

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What does a correlation coefficient of r = .52 indicate in psychology?

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It indicates an unusually large effect size, suggesting a moderate positive relationship between the variables.

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What is internal validity?

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The extent to which a study can establish a cause-and-effect relationship between variables, free from confounding factors.

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What is external validity?

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The degree to which the results of a study can be generalized to, or have relevance for, settings, people, times, and measures other than the ones used in the study.

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What is construct validity?

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The extent to which a test or instrument measures the theoretical construct it is intended to measure.

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What is statistical validity?

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The degree to which conclusions drawn from statistical analyses are accurate and reliable.

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What is direct replication?

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Repeating a study using the same methods and procedures to see if the same results can be obtained.

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What is conceptual replication?

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Testing the same hypothesis as a previous study but using different methods or measures.

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What is replication plus extension?

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Repeating a study and adding new variables or conditions to test additional hypotheses.

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What is a concurrent-measures design?

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A research design where participants are exposed to two different conditions simultaneously and their preferences or responses are measured.