Quiz about final exam Earth Science 2025

Question 1

A _____ telescope uses lenses to bring visible light to focus.

Accepted Answer

A.  refracting

Answer

B.  reflecting

Answer

C.  Very Large Array

Answer

D.  interferometry

Question 2

About 90% of the stars in space are _____ stars.

Accepted Answer

C.  main sequence

Answer

A.  nebula

Answer

B.  giant

Answer

D.  white dwarf

Question 3

What is the distance between the Sun and Earth called?

Accepted Answer

A.  1 astronomical unit

Answer

B.  1 mile

Answer

C.  1 year

Answer

D.  1 light year

Question 4

Galaxies are organized into large groups called

Accepted Answer

A.  superclusters

Answer

B.  super galaxies

Answer

C.  variable galaxies

Answer

D.  solar systems

Question 5

The _____ states that between 15 and 20 billion years ago, the universe began expanding out of an             enormous explosion.

Accepted Answer

C.  Big Bang Theory

Answer

A.  H-R diagram

Answer

B.  binary star theory

Answer

D.  "big crunch" theory

Question 6

The loose, ground-up rock on the surface of the Moon is called _____.

Accepted Answer

C.  regolith

Answer

A.  rille

Answer

B.  sandstone

Answer

D.  maria

Question 7

Earth's Moon is _____ in size and has an orbit _____ its planet relative to other moons in the solar system.

Accepted Answer

A.  larger, closer to

Answer

B.  larger, farther from

Answer

C.  smaller, closer to

Answer

D.  smaller, farther from

Question 8

Why is Venus the hottest planet even though it is not the closest to the Sun?

Accepted Answer

A.  greenhouse effect

Answer

B.  high albedo

Answer

C.  high pressure

Answer

D.  sulfuric acid rain

Question 9

How many stars are in our solar system?

Accepted Answer

D.  1

Answer

A.  a billion

Answer

B.  2

Answer

C.  infinite.

Question 10

What keeps the International Space Station in orbit?

Accepted Answer

A.  gravity

Answer

B.  it is moving forward at exactly the right speed combined with the speed it is falling

Answer

C.  it moves in an elliptical pattern

Answer

D.  tethers

Question 11

The Sun produces energy by forming ____ in its core.

Accepted Answer

B.  helium

Answer

A.  carbon

Answer

C.  hydrogen

Answer

D.  oxygen

Question 12

Which series of the moon in the figure are waxing?

Accepted Answer

B.  15-17

Answer

A.  19-21

Answer

C.  17-19

Answer

D.  21-15

Question 13

The first manned mission to land on the moon was _____.

Accepted Answer

B.  Apollo 11

Answer

A.  Mercury 1

Answer

C.  Apollo 13

Answer

D.  Sputnik 1

Question 14

Process that produces energy in the Sun

Accepted Answer

A.  fusion

Answer

B.  fission

Answer

C.  parallax

Answer

D.  light-year

Question 15

What are the smooth, dark, plains on the Moon called?

Accepted Answer

D.  maria

Answer

A.  highlands

Answer

B.  rays

Answer

C.  rilles

Question 16

_____ won the Space Race in 1957.

Accepted Answer

D.  Russia

Answer

A.  USA

Answer

B.  China

Answer

C.  Buzz Lightyear

Question 17

Who was the first Russian man in space?

Accepted Answer

C.  Yuri Gagarin

Answer

A.  Neil Armstrong

Answer

B.  Alan Sheppard

Answer

D.  Buzz Lightyear

Question 18

Comets are bodies that are ______ that orbit ________.

Accepted Answer

A. ice , the Sun

Answer

B.  helium gas, the Sun

Answer

C.  icy, each planet

Answer

D.  larger than Earth, Earth

Question 19

What will happen to Earth when the Sun becomes a red giant?

Accepted Answer

D. Earth will get too hot to support life

Answer

A.  Earth will be pushed into a more distant orbit

Answer

B.  Earth will already be gone

Answer

C.  Earth will have a significant increase in volcanic activity

Question 20

_____ are patterns of stars in the sky.

Accepted Answer

B.  constellations

Answer

A.  galaxies

Answer

C.  star clusters

Answer

D.  binaries

Question 21

A group of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity is a ______.

Accepted Answer

A.  galaxy

Answer

B.  constellation

Answer

C.  Local Group

Answer

D.  both a and b

Question 22

The seasons are caused by _____

Accepted Answer

A.  Earth's orbit around the Sun in combination with the tilt of Earth's axis

Answer

B.  The distance Earth is from the Sun

Answer

C.  The shape of Earth's orbit

Answer

D.  The tides of the ocean

Question 23

What is caused by Earth's rotation?

Accepted Answer

B.  day and night

Answer

A.  one year

Answer

C.  the seasons

Answer

D.  Earth's tilt

Question 24

The fifth planet from the sun

Accepted Answer

D.  Jupiter

Answer

A.  Mercury

Answer

B.  Mars

Answer

C.  Venus

Question 25

Alan Shephard's first American space mission was _____.

Accepted Answer

D. Mercury(Freedom 7)

Answer

A.  Gemini

Answer

B.  Apollo

Answer

C.  Sputnik

Question 26

The coolest stars in the sky are _____ in color.

Accepted Answer

B.  red

Answer

A.  yellow

Answer

C.  blue

Answer

D.  white

Question 27

Hail forms in part because of the presence of

Accepted Answer

A.  supercooled water droplets

Answer

B.  high-pressure systems

Answer

C.  above freezing temperatures

Answer

D.  melting snow

Question 28

Saturn is the only planet with rings.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 29

What type of thunderstorms are tornadoes associated with?

Accepted Answer

D.  supercells

Answer

A.  frontal thunderstorms

Answer

B.  air mass thunderstorms

Answer

C.  sea-breeze thunderstorms

Question 30

In 24 hours, the International Space Station orbits Earth

Accepted Answer

C.  16 times

Answer

A.  10 times

Answer

B.  14 times

Answer

D.  20 times

Question 31

Flooding often occurs if rain falls faster than

Accepted Answer

C.  the ground can absorb it

Answer

A.  snow

Answer

B.  rates of condensation

Answer

D.  clouds can form

Question 32

The first multi-country space habitat for long-term human occupation

Accepted Answer

C.  International Space Station

Answer

A.  Hubble Space Telescope

Answer

B.  New Horizons

Answer

D.  Kepler

Question 33

Temperatures on the Moon's surface are

Accepted Answer

B.  either very hot or very cold

Answer

A.  always very hot

Answer

C.  always very cold

Answer

D.  it depends on the season

Question 34

The Sun produces energy by fusing hydrogen atoms into ____atoms in its core.

Accepted Answer

B.  helium

Answer

A.  carbon

Answer

C.  iron

Answer

D.  oxygen

Question 35

The hottest stars in space are _____ in color.

Accepted Answer

C.  blue

Answer

A.  yellow

Answer

B.  red

Answer

D.  white

Question 36

What characteristics do the gas giants have in common?

Accepted Answer

D.  all of these

Answer

A.  ring systems and moons

Answer

B.  composed of lightweight elements

Answer

C.  are very large

Question 37

A large, glowing ball of gas that generates heat and light through nuclear fusion

Accepted Answer

C.  star

Answer

A.  galaxy

Answer

B.  planet.

Answer

D.  nebula

Question 38

Which of the following is a common characteristic of the inner planets?

Accepted Answer

D.  they all have a solid outer layer

Answer

A.  they are the same size

Answer

B.  the atmospheres are made up of the same gasses

Answer

C.  they all have water

Question 39

Why is there no erosion on the Moon?

Accepted Answer

D.  there is no atmosphere

Answer

A.  there are no living organisms

Answer

B.  there are no rocks

Answer

C.  there are no people

Question 40

Dark, cooler areas on the Sun's surface are called

Accepted Answer

A.  sunspots

Answer

B.  solar flares

Answer

C.  coronas

Answer

D.  prominences

Question 41

A star begins as a _____, a large cloud of gas and dust.

Accepted Answer

A.  nebula

Answer

B.  giant

Answer

C.  dwarf

Answer

D.  black hole

Question 42

distance measurement based on the speed of light, used for objects in space

Accepted Answer

B.  light year

Answer

A.  parallax

Answer

C.  astronomical unit

Answer

D.  parsec

Question 43

The four inner planets of our solar system are

Accepted Answer

C.  terrestrial planets

Answer

A.  gas giant planets

Answer

B.  interplanetary asteroids

Answer

D.  meteorites

Question 44

Everything that exists is in the

Accepted Answer

B.  universe

Answer

A.  solar system

Answer

C.  galaxy

Answer

D.  parallax

Question 45

The distance light travels in one year

Accepted Answer

C.  1 light year

Answer

A.  1 inch

Answer

B.  1 kilometer

Answer

D.  1 billion miles

Question 46

The distances to nearby stars can be measured by using

Accepted Answer

D.  parallax

Answer

A.  absolute magnitude

Answer

B.  temperature

Answer

C.  color

Question 47

A _____ is a region so dense that nothing, including light, can escape its gravity field.

Accepted Answer

C.  black hole

Answer

A.  supernova

Answer

B.  white dwarf

Answer

D.  supergiant

Question 48

What are two stars that orbit a common center of mass

Accepted Answer

B.  binary

Answer

A.  seasonal

Answer

C.  circumpolar

Answer

D.  cluster stars

Question 49

How is electromagnetic radiation arranged on the electromagnetic spectrum?

Accepted Answer

C.  by wavelength and frequency

Answer

A.  by velocity

Answer

B.  by color

Answer

D.  by oscillations

Question 50

Why does no maria exist on the far side of the Moon?

Accepted Answer

D.  The crust is twice as thick on the far side

Answer

A.  The crust is half as thin on the far side

Answer

B.  There were no impacts on the far side

Answer

C.  Lava did not fill in the far side

Question 51

Summer occurs on the hemisphere of Earth that is

Accepted Answer

B.  tilted toward the Sun

Answer

A.  turned away from the Sun

Answer

C.  tilted away from the Sun

Answer

D.  turned toward the Sun

Question 52

Calendars and timekeeping is based on the motion of the Sun and the Moon

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 53

The outer four planets of our solar system are called the _________

Accepted Answer

D. gas giants

Answer

A.   terrestrial

Answer

B.  rocky

Answer

C.  hard

Question 54

A lunar eclipse can only occur during the phase of the ____.

Accepted Answer

full moon

Answer

gibbous moon

Answer

three quarter moon

Answer

new moon

Question 55

_____ occurs when the Moon moves directly between the sun and Earth and throws a shadow on Earth.

Accepted Answer

solar eclipse

Answer

lunar eclipse

Answer

waning gibbous

Answer

waxing gibbous

Question 56

Why do solar eclipses happen only during a new moon?

Accepted Answer

A new moon occurs when the sun, the moon and earth are all aligned.  This allows the moon to appear to cover the sun.

Answer

A new moon occurs when the sun, the moon and earth are all in a 90 degree angle.  This allows the moon to appear to cover the sun.

Answer

A new moon occurs when the sun,  the moon and earth are all aligned.  This allows the sun to appear to cover the moon.

Answer

A new moon occurs when the sun, the moon and earth are all in a 90 degree angle.  This allows the sun to appear to cover the moon.

Question 57

A ______ occurs when Earth passes between the sun and moon.

Accepted Answer

lunar eclipse

Answer

lunar month

Answer

winter solstice

Answer

solar eclipse

Question 58

The first American in space was ______.

Accepted Answer

Alan B. Shepard Jr.

Answer

Neil Armstrong

Answer

Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin

Answer

Yuri Gagarin

Question 59

Earth's position around June 21, at which the northern hemisphere has its maximum daylight hours is called _____.

Accepted Answer

summer solstice

Answer

winter solstice

Answer

autumnal equinox

Answer

interferometry

Question 60

Earth's position near or on December 21, at which the northern hemisphere has its minimum daylight hours is called _____.

Accepted Answer

winter solstice

Answer

summer solstice

Answer

autumnal equinox

Answer

interferometry

Question 61

Asteroids are thought to be leftover planetesimals that never formed planets from the time of the solar system's formation.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 62

Pluto's orbit is so eccentric that at times, Pluto is closer to the sun than Neptune is.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 63

Our solar system formed about 5 billion years ago when _____

Accepted Answer

a cloud of interstellar dust and gas began to condense

Answer

a large planet broke into many pieces

Answer

stars collided with one another

Answer

Jupiter formed as the largest planet

Question 64

Johannes Kepler discovered three laws about the motion of the planets in our solar system. Which is one of Kepler's laws?

Accepted Answer

All planets orbit the sun in an elliptical path.

Answer

All planets orbit the sun at the same speed.

Answer

The sun is at the exact center of every planet's orbit.

Answer

The sun's magnetic force determines the shape of a planet's orbit.

final exam Earth Science 2025

Create a free account and access millions of resources

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Science