Unit 6 Test EOY Review

What does the law of conservation of energy state?

• It is important to use as little energy as possible.

• Organisms save the energy they create.

• Organisms change energy into mass.

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Answer explanation

The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. This principle is fundamental in physics and explains how energy is conserved in closed systems.

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

Sawgrass takes in light energy during photosynthesis. What happens to most of this energy?

• It is wasted as heat.

• It disappears as it is used up by the plant.

• It is transferred to organisms that eat the grass.

• It is used to help the sawgrass grow and reproduce.

Answer explanation

Most of the light energy absorbed by sawgrass is used to help it grow and reproduce, supporting its life processes and development.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is photosynthesis?

• a cell process that uses energy from sunlight to convert water and oxygen into food

• a cell process that uses energy from sunlight to convert water and glucose into food

• a cell process that uses energy from sunlight to convert water and chlorophyll into food

• a cell process that uses energy from sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into food

Answer explanation

Photosynthesis is the process where plants use sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose (food) and oxygen. The correct choice highlights this essential conversion, making it the accurate definition.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

One of the largest cypress trees in Florida has a tree trunk with a diameter of about 3.5 m. Where does most of the carbon in the cypress tree’s trunk come from?

• The carbon created by the tree during photosynthesis.

• The carbon stored in tree seeds.

• The carbon dioxide molecules the tree absorbed from the atmosphere.

• The nutrients containing carbon that the tree absorbed from the soil.

Answer explanation

Most of the carbon in the cypress tree's trunk comes from carbon dioxide molecules absorbed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis, which the tree uses to grow and develop its trunk.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Green plants produce their own food during photosynthesis. This image shows the process of photosynthesis. Which of these substances is also a product of photosynthesis?

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Carbon dioxide

• Carbon monoxide

Answer explanation

During photosynthesis, green plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Therefore, oxygen is a product of photosynthesis, making it the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Plants perform photosynthesis and respiration. Dead plants are broken down and become part of the soil. Which of the following matter do plants help to cycle through ecosystems?

• carbon only

• carbon and oxygen only

• carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen only

• carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and water

Answer explanation

Plants cycle carbon through photosynthesis and respiration, oxygen is released during photosynthesis, nitrogen is taken up from the soil, and water is absorbed and transpired. Thus, they help cycle carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and water.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Based on evidence in the diagram, what is happening in Step 1?

• A. Animals are releasing energy into the environment and storing carbon.

• B. Animals are decomposing and releasing carbon into the soil.

• C. Animals are converting carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to oxygen.

• D. Animals are breaking down organic molecules and releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Answer explanation

In Step 1, animals are breaking down organic molecules, a process that releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This aligns with choice D, as it accurately describes the metabolic process occurring.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What do animals do with the carbon dioxide produced in their cells during cellular respiration?

• reuse it during photosynthesis

• combine it with water to make sugar

• exhale it in the breathing process

• store it for later use

Answer explanation

During cellular respiration, animals produce carbon dioxide as a waste product, which they exhale during the breathing process. This is the correct choice, as animals do not reuse it or store it.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

How does carbon dioxide in the atmosphere eventually cycle through to a carnivore?

• Plants use carbon dioxide in the atmosphere during photosynthesis, herbivores eat the plants, and a carnivore eats an herbivore.

• Carnivores use carbon dioxide in the atmosphere during cellular respiration.

• Herbivores use carbon dioxide during photosynthesis, and a carnivore eats an herbivore.

• Plants use carbon dioxide in the atmosphere during photosynthesis, and a carnivore eats the plants.

Answer explanation

The correct choice explains that plants absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis, which herbivores consume. Then, carnivores eat these herbivores, completing the carbon cycle from atmosphere to carnivore.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Matter and energy can neither be created nor destroyed. What happens to energy and matter when an organism is eaten?

• Energy and matter is moved to the ocean.

• Energy and matter is released into the atmosphere.

• Energy and matter is stored as fossil fuels.

• Energy and matter moves to the consumer.

Answer explanation

When an organism is eaten, its energy and matter are transferred to the consumer, allowing them to grow and function. This aligns with the law of conservation of mass and energy, which states they cannot be created or destroyed.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3