Mutations and Protein Synthesis

What is the significance of the amino acid sequence?

• It determines the color of the protein.

• It influences the protein's structure and function, affecting its role in the organism.

• It has no impact on the protein's activity.

• It only affects the protein's stability.

What is the stop codon?

• A codon that codes for an amino acid

• A sequence that initiates protein synthesis

• Codons that signal the end of protein synthesis (UAA, UAG, UGA)

• A type of RNA molecule involved in translation

What is a substitution mutation?

• A mutation that deletes a nucleotide from the DNA sequence.

• A mutation that adds an extra nucleotide to the DNA sequence.

• A mutation that occurs when one nucleotide in the DNA sequence is replaced by another nucleotide.

• A mutation that causes the DNA sequence to reverse.

What is the function of tRNA?

• tRNA carries genetic information from DNA to RNA.

• tRNA brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.

• tRNA is responsible for synthesizing proteins in the nucleus.

• tRNA helps in the replication of DNA.

What is the start codon?

• AUG

• UAG

• AUA

• CUG

What does a codon represent?

• A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

• A type of protein that helps in DNA replication.

• A single nucleotide that codes for multiple amino acids.

• A sequence of amino acids that forms a protein.

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.

• mRNA helps in the replication of DNA during cell division.

• mRNA is responsible for the degradation of proteins after synthesis.

• mRNA transports amino acids to the ribosomes for protein assembly.

How does the ribosome function in protein synthesis?

• It synthesizes DNA from RNA.

• It facilitates the binding of tRNA to mRNA and catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.

• It transports proteins to the cell membrane.

• It breaks down proteins into amino acids.

What are the types of mutations?

• Substitution, insertion, and deletion

• Duplication, inversion, and translocation

• Point mutation, frameshift mutation, and chromosomal mutation

• Silent mutation, missense mutation, and nonsense mutation

What is the genetic code?

• A set of rules for translating mRNA into proteins.

• A sequence of amino acids in a protein.

• The structure of DNA in a cell.

• A method for gene editing.