What is the correct explanation for retrograde motion of planets?

It’s an apparent effect due to Earth passing slower-moving planets

Earth’s orbit speeds up and slows down

Outer planets move faster than inner ones

What happens when the Sun runs out of hydrogen fuel in its core?

It contracts and eventually fuses helium

It immediately becomes a white dwarf

Which of the following are true about black holes?

Nothing can escape once inside the event horizon

Time slows down for someone falling into one, as viewed by a distant observer

They intensely warp space and time

They form from any star at the end of its life, no matter the star's mass

They have no mass and emit darkness (anti-photons)

Which of the following provides strong evidence for the existence of dark matter?

Speeds of stars on the edge of galaxies

Light emitted from distant galaxies

What does Hubble’s Law state about galaxies?

Their redshift increases with distance

They move in circular orbits around the Milky Way

They all emit the same spectrum of light

Which are characteristics of neutron stars?

Can emit beams of radiation (pulsars)

Lower density than white dwarfs

Are created in Type Ia supernovae

Which of the following statements about dark energy are supported by current observations?

It increases the acceleration of cosmic expansion

It’s evenly distributed throughout space

It slows down the universe’s expansion

It can be directly observed with telescopes

Which of the following are true about the asteroid belt?

It lies between Mars and Jupiter

It is the remains of a planet that never formed

It contains the majority of the moons in the solar system

The rocks are tightly packed and constantly crashing into each other

Which of the following are true about sunspots?

They appear in pairs due to magnetic field lines

They are darker because they are cooler than surrounding plasma

They are hotter than surrounding areas

If the temperature in the Sun’s core dropped, what would happen to the rate of fusion and the Sun itself?

The rate of fusion would decrease, and the Sun would start to collapse

The rate of fusion would increase, and the Sun would expand

The rate of fusion would remain constant, and the Sun would stay the same

The rate of fusion would increase, and the Sun would start to collapse

Order these events in the lifecycle of the Sun:

it begins to fuse hydrogen in the core

it contracts and fuses hydrogen in a shell around the core

it blows its outer layers off into space

it glows away its thermal energy as a white dwarf

Final Exam (Unit 4: Astronomy)

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which planet has the most extreme temperature differences between day and night?

Venus

Earth

Mercury

Mars

DROPDOWN QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

The (a) model places the Earth at the center of the universe, while the (b) model places the Sun at the center. Additionally, (c) used the phases of Venus as evidence for the latter model.

geocentric

heliocentric

Galileo

Kepler

Copernicus

Ptolemy

Cosmological

REORDER QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Rank these celestial objects from least massive to most massive:

Moon

Mars

Jupiter

Sun

Which of the following observations supported the heliocentric model of the solar system?

Retrograde motion of planets

Phases of Venus

Circular planetary orbits

Moons orbiting Jupiter

Lack of parallax in stars

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Why is Venus hotter than Mercury, even though Mercury is closer to the Sun?

Venus reflects more sunlight from its cloud layers

Venus has a thicker atmosphere that traps infrared radiation

Venus has a magnetic field that generates aurora

Mercury absorbs more heat

REORDER QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Rank these objects in order of increasing orbital period (shortest to longest):

Uranus

Venus

Saturn

Asteroids in the Asteroid Belt

Pluto

Which characteristics are true of the Moon’s orbit around Earth?

It is perfectly circular

It is tidally locked

It causes eclipses at every full and new moon

It has a perigee and apogee

It’s slowly moving away from Earth

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Final Exam (Unit 4: Astronomy)

Which planet has the most extreme temperature differences between day and night?

The (a) model places the Earth at the center of the universe, while the (b) model places the Sun at the center. Additionally, (c) used the phases of Venus as evidence for the latter model.

Rank these celestial objects from least massive to most massive:

Which of the following observations supported the heliocentric model of the solar system?

Why is Venus hotter than Mercury, even though Mercury is closer to the Sun?

Rank these objects in order of increasing orbital period (shortest to longest):

Which characteristics are true of the Moon’s orbit around Earth?

What astronomical discovery by Galileo most directly contradicted the geocentric model?

Kepler’s laws show that planets move in (a) , moving fastest at (b) , and that their orbital period squared is proportional to the cube of their (c) from the Sun.

Which planet rotates in the opposite direction of its orbit (retrograde rotation)?

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Final Exam (Unit 4: Astronomy)

Which planet has the most extreme temperature differences between day and night?

The ​ ​ (a) model places the Earth at the center of the universe, while the ​ ​ (b) model places the Sun at the center. Additionally, ​ ​ (c) used the phases of Venus as evidence for the latter model.

Rank these celestial objects from least massive to most massive:

Which of the following observations supported the heliocentric model of the solar system?

Why is Venus hotter than Mercury, even though Mercury is closer to the Sun?

Rank these objects in order of increasing orbital period (shortest to longest):

Which characteristics are true of the Moon’s orbit around Earth?

What astronomical discovery by Galileo most directly contradicted the geocentric model?

Kepler’s laws show that planets move in ​ (a) , moving fastest at ​ (b) , and that their orbital period squared is proportional to the cube of their ​ (c) from the Sun.

Which planet rotates in the opposite direction of its orbit (retrograde rotation)?

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The (a) model places the Earth at the center of the universe, while the (b) model places the Sun at the center. Additionally, (c) used the phases of Venus as evidence for the latter model.

Kepler’s laws show that planets move in (a) , moving fastest at (b) , and that their orbital period squared is proportional to the cube of their (c) from the Sun.