McGuinness Peds Neuro & Neurovascular

Which sign is an early indicator of increased intracranial pressure in a child?

• bradycardia

• projectile vomiting

• sunken fontanel

• hypotension

What is the most common cause of seizures in infants?

• brain tumor

• febrile illness

• head trauma

• stroke

Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention during an active seizure in a pediatric patient?

• Restrain the child’s movements

• • Give oral medication immediately

• • Insert a tongue blade into the mouth

• • Place the child in a side-lying position

A nurse is assessing a child’s neurovascular status after a cast application. Which finding should be reported immediately?

• • Warm fingers

• • Capillary refill less than 2 seconds

• • Numbness in the toes

• • Pink nail beds

A 10-year-old with a history of seizures is prescribed phenytoin. Which instruction should the nurse give to the parents?

• A)Give the medication only when a seizure occurs

• B)Administer the medication at the same time every day

• C)Stop the medication if the child is seizure-free for a week

• D)Double the dose if a dose is missed

• • Give the medication only when a seizure occurs

• • Administer the medication at the same time every day

• • Stop the medication if the child is seizure-free for a week

• • Double the dose if a dose is missed

Which of the following is the best method to assess for motor function in a child with a suspected neurovascular compromise?

• • Ask the child to wiggle their fingers and toes

• • Measure the child’s blood pressure

• • Check the child’s temperature

• • Assess the child’s bowel sounds

A 7-year-old is admitted with a seizure disorder. The nurse is planning care. Which environmental modification is most appropriate to reduce the risk of injury during a seizure?

• • Keep the bed in the highest position

• • Use bright overhead lighting

• • Place padding on the side rails

• • Keep the room door closed at all times

A nurse is teaching a family about feeding techniques for a child with cerebral palsy who has poor oral motor control. Which technique is most appropriate?

• • Offer small, frequent meals with thickened liquids

• • Use a regular cup for liquids

• • Feed quickly to reduce fatigue

• • Avoid using utensils

Which vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with an increased risk of spina bifida during pregnancy?

• • Vitamin A

• • Vitamin B12

• • Folic acid

• • Vitamin D

A 3-month-old infant is being treated for club foot with serial casting. The parents report that the infant is fussy and crying when the cast is touched. What should the nurse do first?

• • Assess for signs of impaired circulation or pressure sores

• • Reassure the parents that fussiness is normal

• • Give the infant a pacifier

• • Schedule the next cast change sooner