Which of the following scales is used to measure very small distances accurately?

• Diagonal scale
• Comparative scale
• Plain scale
• Chord scale

Answer explanation

Diagonal scale allows precise measurement by subdividing units into smaller parts.

Which type of cement is most suitable for marine structures?

• Rapid hardening cement
• Ordinary Portland cement
• Sulphate resisting cement
• White cement

Answer explanation

Sulphate resisting cement is used in foundations, sewage pipes, and marine structures.

The property of timber that allows it to resist deformation due to load is called:

• Durability
• Strength
• Workability
• Seasoning

Answer explanation

Strength is the property to resist applied loads without failure.

Which admixture is used to increase the setting time of concrete?

• Accelerator
• Retarder
• Air entrainer
• Plasticizer

Answer explanation

Retarders slow down the setting of cement, useful in hot climates.

Which of the following glass types is used for safety glazing?

• Sheet glass
• Toughened glass
• Soda-lime glass
• Float glass

Answer explanation

Toughened glass is heat-treated to improve strength and is shatter-resistant.

Which foundation type is most suitable for black cotton soil?

• Isolated footing
• Grillage footing
• Raft foundation
• Combined footing

Answer explanation

Raft foundation distributes load over a large area and is suited for weak soils like black cotton.

Which document contains item-wise rates of materials and labor?

• Estimate
• Rate analysis
• BOQ
• Schedule of rates

Answer explanation

Schedule of rates provides standardized costs used for preparing estimates.

The type of estimate used for preliminary planning is:

• Detailed estimate
• Revised estimate
• Preliminary estimate
• Supplementary estimate

Answer explanation

Preliminary estimate is a rough estimate used in early project stages.

Which of the following is not a method of valuation?

• Rental method
• Land and building method
• Profit method
• Bar bending schedule

Answer explanation

Bar bending schedule is for reinforcement details, not property valuation.

The duty of water is defined as:

• Area irrigated per unit discharge
• Time water is applied
• Depth of water
• Efficiency of irrigation

Answer explanation

Duty is the area of land that can be irrigated by a unit discharge of water.