Energy, Force and Motion

What are advantages of wind turbines? Select TWO correct answers.

• A. Wind turbines are effective in any location.

• B. Wind turbines produce electricity without polluting the air or water.

• C. Wind turbines use a cost-free source of energy.

• D. Wind turbines are effective in any type of weather.

• E. Wind turbines never break down or need to be repaired.

What is an advantage of generating electricity at a dam compared with generating it from coal?

• The electricity travels through water instead of through power lines.

• The dam does not release carbon dioxide or soot that pollutes the air.

• The dam causes few, if any, changes to the river ecosystem.

• The electricity can be stored, such as in rechargeable batteries.

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What is an advantage of using wood instead of using fossil fuels?

• Wood is easier to use.

• Wood does not produce waste.

• A wood log holds more energy than the same amount of a fossil fuel.

• Nature will always be able to supply more wood in the future.

Duck 1 and Duck 2 are each floating in a lake. Then the wind speed increases on the lake for Duck 2, causing the waves to be taller and move faster. Which duck will the waves carry a farther distance?

• Duck 1 will travel farther because its waves are shorter.

• Duck 2 will travel farther because its waves are taller.

• Duck 2 will travel farther because its waves are faster.

• Neither duck will travel forward with the waves.

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A drum makes a sound when a stick hits it. Which statement about energy best explains this observation?

• The drum releases stored energy when the stick strikes it.

• The stick releases stored energy when it strikes the drum.

• The energy of sound is transferred from the stick to the drum.

• The energy of motion is transferred from the stick to the drum.

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What is the source of energy for the sound from the trumpet?

• the metal shell of the trumpet

• the air inside the trumpet

• the musician blowing into the trumpet

• the light that is shining on the trumpet

Shawn holds a horseshoe magnet in two positions over a pile of metal paper clips. What do his results show about magnets or magnetic force?

• A. A magnetic force can only attract between objects that are touching each other.

• B. A magnetic force affects all metals but not other materials.

• C. A magnetic force is strongest at the poles of a magnet.

• D. A magnetic force is weakest at the poles of a magnet.

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A baseball player hits a fly ball. The diagram shows the path of the ball. Where is the baseball falling at the fastest speed?

• point A

• point B

• point C

• point D

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Uri places a stuffed toy on a shelf. When he tilts the shelf slightly, the toy stays in place and does not slide off the shelf. Which statement best explains this observation?

• A. Gravity is not pulling on the toy.

• B. Friction is not affecting the toy.

• C. The force of friction is great enough to stop the toy from moving.

• D. The force of gravity is great enough to stop the toy from moving.

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Mary is investigating the force of magnetism. In one experiment, she tries to use three objects to lift a steel marble. The results of the experiment are shown in the data table. What conclusion about the three objects do the results support?

• The bar, disc, and rod each act as a magnet.

• The bar is the strongest magnet, the disc is a weaker magnet, and the rod is nonmagnetic.

• The results would be the same if the steel marble were replaced with a glass marble.

• The results would be the same if the steel marble had less mass.

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