Exploring Carbon Compounds

What are hydrocarbons?

• Hydrocarbons are inorganic compounds that contain oxygen.

• Hydrocarbons are only found in fossil fuels.

• Hydrocarbons are organic compounds made up of hydrogen and carbon.

• Hydrocarbons are compounds made up of nitrogen and sulfur.

Name the two main types of hydrocarbons.

• Organic and Inorganic

• Linear and Branched

• Saturated and Unsaturated

• Aliphatic and Aromatic

Describe the general reaction of alkanes with halogens.

• Alkanes do not react with halogens under any conditions.

• Alkanes react with halogens to form alkyl halides through free radical substitution.

• Alkanes react with halogens to form alcohols through dehydration.

• Alkanes react with halogens to produce carboxylic acids directly.

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?

• Saturated hydrocarbons are liquid at room temperature; unsaturated hydrocarbons are solid.

• Saturated hydrocarbons contain only double bonds; unsaturated hydrocarbons contain single bonds.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds; unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have more hydrogen atoms than unsaturated hydrocarbons.

List two physical properties of alkanes.

• Decreasing density with molecular weight

• Low melting points compared to other hydrocarbons

• 1. Boiling points increase with molecular weight; 2. Insoluble in water.

• High solubility in water

Explain how the boiling point of alkanes changes with molecular size.

• The boiling point of alkanes is unrelated to molecular size.

• The boiling point of alkanes increases with molecular size.

• The boiling point of alkanes decreases with molecular size.

• The boiling point of alkanes remains constant regardless of molecular size.

What is an application of alkenes in the production of plastics?

• Alkenes are used as monomers in the production of polyethylene.

• Alkenes are used as catalysts in plastic production.

• Alkenes are used to enhance the flavor of plastics.

• Alkenes are primarily used in the production of rubber.

How do alkenes typically react in addition reactions?

• Alkenes react in addition reactions by breaking their double bond to add new atoms or groups.

• Alkenes only react by eliminating hydrogen atoms.

• Alkenes react by forming triple bonds with other molecules.

• Alkenes do not participate in addition reactions at all.

Discuss the significance of carbon compounds in organic chemistry.

• Carbon compounds are significant in organic chemistry because they form the backbone of organic molecules, allowing for diversity in structure and function, which is essential for life.

• Carbon compounds are only found in inorganic chemistry.

• Organic chemistry focuses solely on metals and minerals.

• Carbon compounds are irrelevant to biological processes.

Why are hydrocarbons considered important fuels?

• Hydrocarbons are only found in renewable energy sources.

• Hydrocarbons are energy-dense and efficient fuels used for powering vehicles and generating energy.

• Hydrocarbons are primarily used in the production of plastics.

• Hydrocarbons are ineffective for energy generation and transportation.