Quiz about Ch 17-19, 4-9 FINAL REVIEW

Question 1

On a graph, all of the following directions are normally considered to be positive EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Left.

Answer

North.

Answer

East.

Answer

Up.

Question 2

Variables like velocity and acceleration that have both size and direction are called:

Accepted Answer

vectors.

Answer

dependent.

Answer

axes.

Answer

independent.

Question 3

If an automobile travels at 30. m/s for 2 minutes, how far has the car traveled?

Accepted Answer

3,600 m

Answer

60. m

Answer

1,800 m

Answer

216,000 m

Question 4

A graph can be described as:

Accepted Answer

d. All of the above

Answer

a. a mathematical diagram.

Answer

b. a scientific model.

Answer

c. a way to show relationships between variables.

Question 5

Calculate the speed of the object from the position vs. time graph shown below.

Accepted Answer

0.5 m/s

Answer

0.75 m/s

Answer

2 m/s

Answer

3 m/s

Question 6

Which of the following is a projectile?

Accepted Answer

A baseball hit by Chipper Jones.

Answer

An airplane flying at 30,000 feet.

Answer

A soccer ball rolling across a field.

Answer

A book sliding across a desk.

Question 7

What is happening at point C in this speed vs. time graph?

Accepted Answer

Negative acceleration

Answer

Positive acceleration

Answer

Zero acceleration

Answer

Constant speed

Question 8

Weight is a force that depends on mass and:

Accepted Answer

gravity.

Answer

friction.

Answer

magnetism.

Answer

energy conservation.

Question 9

Which of the following is the largest unit of force?

Accepted Answer

Pound

Answer

Kilogram

Answer

Ounce

Answer

Newton

Question 10

A force that resists the motion of an object moving across a surface is called:

Accepted Answer

sliding friction.

Answer

static friction.

Answer

rolling friction.

Answer

air friction.

Question 11

Two dogs are tugging on opposite ends of a rope toy. If each dog pulls with 50 N of force, what is the tension in the rope toy?

Accepted Answer

50 N

Answer

0 N

Answer

100 N

Answer

200 N

Question 12

Which of the following is the closest weight in newtons of a 7.0-kilogram bowling ball?

Accepted Answer

70 newtons

Answer

7.0 newtons

Answer

700 newtons

Answer

7000 newtons

Question 13

When the forces on an object are balanced, we say that the object:

Accepted Answer

is in equilibrium.

Answer

is accelerating.

Answer

must be at rest.

Answer

must be moving at a constant speed.

Question 14

The picture below shows 4 forces applied to an airplane. Due to the forces acting on the airplane, the airplane:

Accepted Answer

slows down.

Answer

speeds up.

Answer

goes higher.

Answer

goes lower.

Question 15

The inertia of an object is related to its:

Accepted Answer

mass only.

Answer

mass and speed.

Answer

mass and force.

Answer

speed only.

Question 16

The picture shows all the forces acting on a windsurfer. If the forces are balanced and the windsurfer is traveling at constant velocity, what is the value of force F?

Accepted Answer

100 N

Answer

200 N

Answer

1,000 N

Answer

2,100 N

Question 17

As the mass of an object is increased, what happens to its inertia?

Accepted Answer

It increases

Answer

It decreases

Answer

It stays the same

Answer

Inertia and mass are not related in any way

Question 18

An object moving with constant speed has:

Accepted Answer

a net force equal to zero.

Answer

a net force greater than zero.

Answer

a net force less than zero.

Answer

a constant net force.

Question 19

A 0.15-kilogram baseball and a 7.25-kilogram bowling ball are both rolling along at 3 m/s. Which object is easier to stop and why?

Accepted Answer

The baseball because it has less inertia

Answer

The bowling ball because it has less inertia

Answer

The baseball because it has more inertia

Answer

The bowling ball because heavy objects are naturally prone to stop on their own

Question 20

Batteries are devices that change chemical energy to ____ energy.

Accepted Answer

electrical

Answer

mechanical

Answer

radiant

Answer

nuclear

Question 21

Potential energy is energy due to the:

Accepted Answer

height of an object.

Answer

motion of an object.

Answer

temperature of an object.

Answer

speed of an object.

Question 22

What happens to the kinetic energy of a moving car if you double the mass of the car?

Accepted Answer

It increases by 2 times

Answer

It increases by 4 times

Answer

It decreases by 4 times

Answer

It decreases by 2 times.

Question 23

What is the kinetic energy of a go-cart with a mass of 150 kilograms and a speed of 20. m/s?

Accepted Answer

30,000 J

Answer

1,500 J

Answer

3,000 J

Answer

60,000 J

Question 24

Which type of energy does a stretched spring contain?

Accepted Answer

Elastic energy

Answer

Radiant energy

Answer

Electrical energy

Answer

Chemical energy

Question 25

A 20-newton cart is lifted up 0.40 meters to the top of a ramp. What is the amount of potential energy gained by the cart?

Accepted Answer

8 joules

Answer

0.02 joules

Answer

20.4 joules

Answer

50 joules

Question 26

The brakes on an automobile become hot when they are used continuously because:

Accepted Answer

kinetic energy is being converted to thermal energy.

Answer

potential energy is being converted to thermal energy.

Answer

the friction of the brakes causes an increase in kinetic energy.

Answer

the friction of the brakes causes an increase in potential energy.

Question 27

A bowler lifts her bowling ball a distance of 0.5 meters using 35 joules of energy. What is the mass of her bowling ball?

Accepted Answer

7 kg

Answer

3 kg

Answer

17.5 kg

Answer

35 kg

Question 28

When gasoline is used as fuel in an automobile engine several energy transformations take place. Which of the following statements does NOT agree with the law of conservation of energy?

Accepted Answer

When gasoline is burned, its energy is destroyed.

Answer

The energy from the gasoline can be transformed to produce light.

Answer

As the energy in the form of gasoline decreases, the energy increases in another form.

Answer

Once the energy in the gasoline is released, it can never be destroyed.

Question 29

Work may be measured using units of:

Accepted Answer

joules.

Answer

watts.

Answer

newtons.

Answer

newtons per second.

Question 30

What is the most work that can be done with 100 joules of energy?

Accepted Answer

100 J

Answer

10 J

Answer

1,000 J

Answer

10,000 J

Question 31

Calculate the work needed to push a block with 4 newtons of force a distance of 10 meters.

Accepted Answer

40 joules

Answer

0.4 joules

Answer

2.5 joules

Answer

4 joules

Question 32

A 60-newton block at rest at the bottom of a frictionless incline plane is pushed up the incline: The amount of work done against gravity is _____ joules.

Accepted Answer

180

Answer

0

Answer

20

Answer

60

Question 33

A 2.2-kilogram crate is pulled by a 30-newton force over a distance of 5 meters. How many joules of work are done by pulling the crate?

Accepted Answer

150 J

Answer

11 J

Answer

66 J

Answer

330 J

Question 34

Efficiency is defined as the ratio of:

Accepted Answer

work output to work input.

Answer

work input to the work output.

Answer

output force to input force.

Answer

input force to output force.

Question 35

Which of the following improves the efficiency of a machine?

Accepted Answer

Reducing friction

Answer

Adding more energy

Answer

Running it faster

Answer

Increasing friction

Question 36

The efficiency of a modern bicycle is 95 percent. If you exert 200 joules in pedaling a bicycle on level ground, what is the work output?

Accepted Answer

190 joules

Answer

95 joules

Answer

105 joules

Answer

295 joules

Question 37

Mechanical advantage can be defined as the ratio of:

Accepted Answer

output force to input force.

Answer

work input to work output.

Answer

work output to work input.

Answer

input force to output force.

Question 38

In the picture of the crowbar, which letter shows the input force?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

None of the above

Question 39

When you eat an apple, the process of digestion involves:

Accepted Answer

physical and chemical change.

Answer

physical change only.

Answer

chemical change only.

Answer

phase change.

Question 40

Which of the following rope and pulley systems has the largest mechanical advantage?

Accepted Answer

System C has the largest mechanical advantage.

Answer

System A has the largest mechanical advantage.

Answer

System B has the largest mechanical advantage.

Answer

All three systems have the same mechanical advantage.

Question 41

A simple machine has an input force of 10 newtons and an output force of 100 newtons. What is the mechanical advantage of the simple machine?

Accepted Answer

10

Answer

0.1

Answer

1

Answer

90

Question 42

Which of the following levers has the largest mechanical advantage?

Accepted Answer

Lever A

Answer

Lever B

Answer

Lever C

Answer

All three levers have the same mechanical advantage.

Question 43

A lever has an input arm 50 centimeters long and an output arm 40 centimeters long. What is the mechanical advantage of the lever?

Accepted Answer

1.25

Answer

0.8

Answer

1

Answer

2.0

Question 44

Making a ramp steeper:

Accepted Answer

decreases its mechanical advantage.

Answer

increases its mechanical advantage.

Answer

increases its efficiency.

Answer

decreases its efficiency.

Question 45

On a 10-speed bicycle, gears increase the mechanical advantage of the bicycle. In which of the following situations would you want the greatest mechanical advantage for the gear system?

Accepted Answer

Climbing up a hill

Answer

Coasting down a hill

Answer

Riding on level ground

Answer

Stopping suddenly to avoid a crash

Question 46

Identify the reactants in the combustion of methane.

Accepted Answer

CH4 and O2

Answer

CO2 and H2O

Answer

O2 and H2O

Answer

CH4 and CO2

Question 47

A solid that forms and is insoluble in the reaction mixture is called a:

Accepted Answer

precipitate.

Answer

period.

Answer

reactant.

Answer

gas.

Question 48

A chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

exothermic.

Answer

xenophobic.

Answer

endothermic.

Answer

xenothermic.

Question 49

The energy needed to break chemical bonds to start a chemical reaction is called:

Accepted Answer

activation energy.

Answer

reaction energy.

Answer

xenothermic energy.

Answer

combustion energy.

Question 50

In chemical reactions, energy is:

Accepted Answer

absorbed to break bonds between molecules of reactants in exothermic reactions.

Answer

released to break bonds between molecules of reactants in endothermic reactions.

Answer

absorbed to form bonds between products in exothermic and endothermic reactions.

Answer

All of the above

Question 51

The amount of product you expect from a chemical reaction is called the:

Accepted Answer

predicted yield.

Answer

percent yield.

Answer

actual yield.

Answer

limited yield.

Question 52

Balanced chemical equations provide all of the information about a chemical reaction EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

the time needed for the reaction to proceed.

Answer

the amount of ingredients involved.

Answer

the identity of the ingredients involved.

Answer

the amount of product created.

Question 53

Atoms of a particular element that have different numbers of neutrons are called:

Accepted Answer

isotopes.

Answer

isotoners.

Answer

isometrics.

Answer

isomers.

Question 54

The force that holds neutrons and protons together in the nucleus is known as:

Accepted Answer

the strong nuclear force.

Answer

the electronegative force.

Answer

hydrogen bonding.

Answer

the weak nuclear force.

Question 55

According to Graph 19A, temperature affects the solubility of which salt the most?

Accepted Answer

NaNO3

Answer

NaCl

Answer

KNO3

Answer

It affects NaNO3 and KNO3 equally.

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