Foundations of Democracy in History

Which feature of ancient Greek democracy most influenced the structure of the United States government?

• The use of a single ruler with absolute power

• The practice of citizens voting on important issues

• The division of society into social classes

• The appointment of leaders by birthright

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Which aspect of ancient Roman government is reflected in the United States’ system of checks and balances?

• The power of emperors

• The Senate’s ability to limit the power of other officials

• The use of direct democracy

• The division of citizens into patricians and plebeians

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Which principle from the ancient world is most closely related to the idea that laws apply equally to all citizens in the United States?

• Rule of law

• Divine right

• Hereditary monarchy

• Trial by combat

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Which of the following is an example of civic virtue demonstrated by leaders in ancient Greece?

• Using wealth for personal gain

• Participating in public debates for the good of the city-state

• Refusing to serve in government

• Ignoring the needs of the poor

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How did the concept of citizenship in ancient Greece influence the development of democracy in the United States?

• By allowing only kings to make decisions

• By encouraging citizens to participate in government decisions

• By requiring all citizens to serve as soldiers

• By limiting government to religious leaders

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Which Roman idea is most evident in the structure of the United States Congress?

• The division of power between two legislative bodies

• The rule of a single emperor

• The use of direct democracy

• The appointment of officials by lottery

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Which ancient legal code most influenced the United States’ belief in equal treatment under the law?

• The Code of Hammurabi

• The Roman Twelve Tables

• The Egyptian Book of the Dead

• The Spartan Code

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Which action best demonstrates civic leadership in ancient Rome?

• Serving as a consul and working for the benefit of the republic

• Refusing to participate in government

• Ignoring the needs of the people

• Using power for personal gain

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Compare the democratic practices of ancient Greece with those of the United States. In what way did the Greek system influence the U.S. system?

• Both allowed all residents, including non-citizens, to vote

• Both encouraged active participation of citizens in government decisions

• Both had a king as the head of state

• Both required military service for all citizens

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Analyze how the structure of the Roman Republic influenced the development of the United States government.

• The Roman Republic’s use of a single ruler led to the U.S. presidency

• The Roman Republic’s division of power among different branches inspired the U.S. system of checks and balances

• The Roman Republic’s focus on direct democracy led to the U.S. House of Representatives

• The Roman Republic’s use of emperors inspired the U.S. Supreme Court

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