Biology Quizs Unit 6

Common Ancestor

• A species that has no living descendants

• The parent species from which two or more separate species evolve

• A species that is the result of hybridization

• A species that exists in multiple habitats

Gene Flow

• The transfer of genetic material between populations.

• The process of natural selection acting on a population.

• The movement of genes or alleles into or out of a population.

• The random change in allele frequencies in a population.

Vestigial Structures

• Structures that have a critical function

• Structures that are fully developed and functional

• Structures that have no useful purpose

• Structures that are only found in certain species

Law of Biogenesis

• A scientific law that states that living organisms come only from other living organisms.

• A principle that suggests life can arise from non-living matter.

• A theory that explains the evolution of species over time.

• A hypothesis that living organisms can spontaneously generate.

Evolution

• Theory that states that organisms have changed gradually over time to form new kinds of organisms

• A process by which organisms become extinct due to environmental changes

• A belief that all species were created in their current form and do not change

• A method of classifying organisms based on their physical characteristics

Sequence Homology

• Similarities in the order of nucleotides of DNA and RNA or in the order of amino acids of proteins that indicate common ancestry between organisms.

• Differences in the genetic makeup of organisms that lead to distinct traits.

• The process by which organisms adapt to their environment over generations.

• The study of the evolutionary relationships among biological entities.

Descent with Modification

• A term used to describe the process of extinction of species.

• Another term for evolution; the idea that all organisms share a common ancestor but that species change over time due to natural selection.

• A concept that suggests species do not change over time.

• A theory that all species are created independently without any common ancestry.

Sequence Homology

• Similarities in the order of nucleotides of DNA and rRNA or in the order of amino acids of proteins that indicate common ancestry between organisms

• Differences in the genetic code that lead to variations in species

• The process by which DNA is replicated in cells

• The study of evolutionary relationships based on physical traits

Chemical Evolution

• The process by which living organisms evolve from other living organisms.

• The gradual formation of life from nonliving chemicals.

• The study of chemical reactions in living organisms.

• The transformation of energy in biological systems.

Disruptive Selection

• Favors organisms with traits in the middle and eliminates extremes.

• Favors organisms with extremes in both directions and eliminates the traits in the middle.

• Promotes uniform traits across a population.

• Encourages the survival of the fittest individuals only.