Eukaryotic Cell Cycle Quiz

The model shows the major events of the eukaryotic cell cycle. Why is it important for the cell to replicate the DNA before beginning the M phase?

• to increase the lifespan of the daughter cells

• to produce extra proteins for the daughter cells

• to ensure that there is enough DNA for the daughter cells

• to allow for the creation of an unlimited number of daughter cells

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Which graph most accurately represents the change in the mass of the DNA in a body cell during one cell cycle?

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Emily is studying the process of cell division for her biology class. She decides to observe a sample of onion root tip cells under the microscope. She notices several stages of the cell cycle and mitosis. Emily observes a cell with a distinct nucleus and a single, well-defined nucleolus. The chromatin is in the form of loosely packed threads. Which phase of the cell cycle is this cell most likely in?

• G1 Phase

• S Phase

• G2 Phase

• M Phase

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A researcher causes a different type of mutation in the same gene of four similar cells. The researcher grows an unaltered cell and the four mutated cells in growth medium for two weeks. The table shows the replication rate of each cell. How can the researcher explain the results?

• The mutation in Cell 1 caused the cell cycle to progress at a below-normal rate, indicating that the mutation may have caused cancerous cells

• The mutation in Cell 2 caused the cell cycle to progress at a normal rate, indicating that the mutation may have caused cancerous cells.

• The mutation in Cell 3 caused the cell cycle to progress at an above-normal rate, indicating that the mutation may have caused cancerous cells.

• The mutation in Cell 4 caused the cell cycle to progress at a below-normal rate, indicating that the mutation may have caused cancerous cells.

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The rate of cell division varies greatly in different types of human cells. The data table shows the replacement rates of many types of human cells. Which conclusion is most consistent with the data in the table?

• Cells in the integumentary system divide faster than any other type of cell in the body.

• Cells in the reproductive and nervous systems are never replaced.

• Cells of the respiratory and circulatory systems have faster replacement rates than cells of the digestive system.

• Cells in the digestive system are among the most rapidly dividing cells in the body.

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The image shows the healing of a skin injury. Which type of cell division takes place to heal the wound, and why?

• Meiosis; it produces more cells per division to cover the site of injury quickly.

• Mitosis; it produces large cells to cover the site of injury quickly.

• Mitosis; it produces cells that are like the lost cells at the site of injury.

• Meiosis; it produces cells that are genetically different from the lost cells at the site of injury.

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What accurately describes the concept of DNA replication being semiconservative?

• DNA replication only occurs in certain types of cells

• During replication, one DNA strand is completely conserved, while the other is fully replaced.

• Each newly synthesized DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one synthesized strand.

• DNA replication takes place in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of cells.

The first step in DNA replication is the unwinding of strands. Why do the strands unwind?

• to copy the entire genome quickly

• to use less energy for DNA replication

• to check for DNA mutations at every nucleotide

• to use each strand as a template for making a new strand

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A sample of DNA from a human skin cell contains 32% cytosine (C) bases. Approximately what percentage of the bases in this sample will be thymine (T)?

• 18

• 24

• 32

• 36

Which statement summarizes the relationship between DNA, proteins, and amino acids?

• The DNA molecule is a protein formed by amino acids that are linked together by peptide bonds.

• The type of protein that composes DNA codes for the twenty different amino acids.

• The sequence of amino acids in DNA determines the type of protein formed during protein synthesis.

• The sequence of nucleotides in DNA codes for specific amino acids which bond to form proteins.

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