The band labeled X (in Lane 1) on the image of the gel below represents a segment of DNA associated with the production of a unique protein.

In addition to the plant represented in the first lane, how many other plants most likely produce this unique protein? Support your answer by using evidence from the gel.

• Four plants, (3, 4, 6, & 7) have matching bands (DNA fragments) of approximately the same size.

• Four plants, (2, 5, 7 & 9) have matching bands (DNA fragments) of approximately the same size and location of the band labeled X.

• One plant (5) has more matching bands (DNA fragments) with plant in Lane 1.

• Two plants (3 & 9) have matching bands (DNA fragments) of approximately the same size.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Based on your analysis of the gel, what evidence supports the claim that only seven different plant species had been compared to the species in lane 1?

• There are only seven plant species because plants 7 and 9 are the same plant.

• There are only seven plant species because plants 2 and 9 are the same plant.

• All 8 species are all the same.

• There are only seven plant species because plants 3 and 4 are the same plant.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which adult is most likely a parent of the child?

• Adult 1

• Adult 3

• Adult 2

• Adult 4

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Diabetes is a condition where a person’s body does not produce the insulin it needs to regulate blood sugar. High demand for insulin has led to an increase in the cost of insulin. Which of the following is a benefit of biotechnology applications in medicine?

• Bacterial transformation increases the availability of insulin, which increases the cost of insulin.

• Bacterial transformation decreases the availability of insulin, which decreases the cost of insulin.

• Bacterial transformation increases the availability of insulin, which decreases the cost of insulin.

• Bacterial transformation decreases the availability of insulin, which increases the cost of insulin.

What is the primary purpose of using restriction enzymes in gel electrophoresis?

• It restricts the number of base pairs that can be tested in a sample.

• It allows the strands of DNA to be cut into various lengths for testing.

• It makes the testing simpler by moving the strands into the gel faster.

• It allows the DNA strands to be charged so the electrical current can send the strands into the gel.

How is recombinant DNA made?

• by joining DNA molecules with RNA molecules

• by joining DNA molecules from two different species

• by joining DNA molecules from the same species

• by joining DNA molecules from two chromosomes of the same organism

The illustration below shows the results of gel electrophoresis of 4 different deer species. Which two species of deer are more closely related?

• A. 1 and 3

• B. 1 and 4

• C. 2 and 3

• D. 2 and 4

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Which is a benefit of stem cell research?

• It is a useful tool for identifying people.

• It has the potential to cure many diseases.

• It allows large-scale production of medications.

• It ensures all organisms use din research studies are identical.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which is a controversy associated with genomics-related research?

• the use of embryonic stem cells for medical purposes

• the use of DNA fingerprinting in law enforcement

• the use of gel electrophoresis to extract DNA

• the use of pigs to produce insulin for humans

Which statement best describes DNA fingerprints?

• The more similar patterns in two DNA fingerprints, the closer the relationship between the organisms.

• Scientists always use DNA from skin cells to develop DNA fingerprints.

• The only use for DNA fingerprints is investigation of crimes

• Any difference between the patterns in two DNA fingerprints suggests that the organisms are not related