Chapter 11: DNA Test

What are three tasks that DNA must be able to perform in all organisms? Select three answer choices.

• It must store genetic information.
• It must discard foreign genes.
• It must instruct cells to produce needed molecules.
• It must copy itself.

What was the purpose of marking the bacteriophages with phosphorus-32 and sulfur-35?

• to track the movements of DNA and sugars
• to track the movements of DNA and proteins
• to remove DNA and sugars from the bacteriophages
• to combine DNA and proteins into a single molecule

A nucleotide of DNA may contain adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine. What is each of these components?

• 5-carbon sugar
• nitrogenous base
• phosphate group
• nucleic acid

The image shows a nucleotide, a building block of the DNA molecule. From left to right, what are the names of the components?

• 5-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group
• nucleic acid, 5-carbon sugar, amino group
• 5-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, carboxyl group
• nitrogenous base, 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group

Rosalind Franklin’s photographs of the X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA provided important clues about the structure of the DNA molecule. What was revealed by the photograph that enabled Watson and Crick to build their model of the DNA molecule? Select all that apply.

• The nitrogenous bases form the backbone on the outside of each DNA strand.
• The DNA strands are twisted around each other.
• There are two strands in the DNA molecule.
• The nitrogenous bases are near the center of the DNA molecule.

The diagram represents a portion of one strand of a DNA molecule. Which of the four DNA strands match the strand in the diagram by base pairing?

• GGTGACT
• CCATATG
• GGTCGAT
• CCTAGTG

Which of these events occurs during DNA replication?

• DNA polymerase synthesizes a complementary strand from one, but not both, of the original strands.
• DNA polymerase synthesizes a complementary strand from each of the original strands.
• DNA ligase breaks apart one of the original strands, and other enzymes reassemble the components into a new strand
• DNA ligase breaks apart both of the original strands, and other enzymes re-assemble the components into two new strands.

What is needed for DNA replication? Select all that apply.

• enzymes to break the hydrogen bonds of the DNA molecule
• free nucleotides
• free amino acids
• polymerase to join nucleotides onto the template DNA strand

The diagram represents a model of DNA replication. What can you conclude about DNA replication from this diagram?

• Both original strands are replicated in the same direction.
• The two original strands are replicated in opposite directions
• Only one complementary strand is replicated.
• Each original strand is “unzipped” and nucleotides are reused.

In the Hershey-Chase experiment, the components of bacteriophages were labeled with radioactive isotopes of sulfur and phosphorus. What was the Hershey-Chase experiment designed to determine?

• whether or not bacteriophages can infect bacteria
• whether DNA or RNA is the genetic material of the virus
• whether cells use DNA or proteins to store genetic information
• whether or not viruses satisfy the criteria for life