Geography and Earth Science Quiz

Elias and Karina are planning a trip to different locations. They are curious about how the climate might differ in these places. Which of the following factor(s) should they consider to understand the climate of a place?

• Altitude

• Latitude

• Distance from sea

• All of the above

Answer explanation

To understand a place's climate, Elias and Karina should consider altitude, latitude, and distance from the sea, as all these factors significantly influence temperature, precipitation, and overall weather patterns.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Latitude ranges from degrees at the Equator to 90 degrees (North or South) at the poles.

• 0

• 5

• 10

Answer explanation

Latitude is measured in degrees, starting at 0 degrees at the Equator and reaching 90 degrees at the poles. Therefore, the correct answer is 0, as it represents the Equator's latitude.

During a school project, Dominic and Karsyn were asked to explain what climate is. What is climate?

• The weather averaged over a long period

• Day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity

• Rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere

Answer explanation

Climate refers to the long-term average of weather conditions in a specific area, including temperature and precipitation patterns, rather than the short-term variations that define daily weather.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Karsyn and Dominic are planning a sailing trip. They need to understand the winds that blow from the Sub-Tropical high pressure zones to the Sub-Polar low pressure zones to navigate effectively. These winds are the:

• Westerlies

• Easterlies

• Polar winds

• Arctic winds

Answer explanation

The winds that blow from the Sub-Tropical high pressure zones to the Sub-Polar low pressure zones are known as the Westerlies. These winds are crucial for Karsyn and Dominic's sailing navigation.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Karsyn and Dominic are planning a sailing trip and need to understand the winds that are the result of atmospheric circulation cells and influence the climate of a region.

• Trade

• Periodic

• Prevailing

Answer explanation

Prevailing winds are the dominant winds in a region, resulting from atmospheric circulation cells. They significantly influence climate and are crucial for Karsyn and Dominic's sailing trip planning.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

During a geography class, Sylvia and Karina were discussing different types of winds. Sylvia asked, "Which winds are located closest to the equator?"

• Trade Winds

• Westerlies

• Polar Winds

Answer explanation

The Trade Winds are located closest to the equator, blowing from east to west in the tropics. In contrast, Westerlies and Polar Winds are found at higher latitudes, making Trade Winds the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Elias and Sylvia were walking along the beach when they found a fossilized tooth. This is an example of a

• body fossil

• trace fossil

• preserved stone

Answer explanation

A fossilized tooth is a direct remnant of an organism, making it a body fossil. Body fossils are the preserved remains of the actual organism, unlike trace fossils, which record the activity of organisms.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

During a school field trip to a natural history museum, Dominic and Abigail learned that fossils can be burrows, tracks, or fossilized coprolites (feces).

• Body

• Soft

• Trace

• Bone

Answer explanation

Fossils that represent the activity of organisms, like burrows and tracks, are known as trace fossils. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Trace', as it specifically refers to these indirect signs of life.

During a school field trip to a natural history museum, Karsyn and Andrew learned about different fossilization processes. Which of these is formed by permineralization?

• Petrified woods

• Marine fossils

• Dinosaur bone fossils

• All of the above

Answer explanation

Permineralization occurs when minerals fill the pores of organic material. Petrified wood, marine fossils, and dinosaur bones can all be formed through this process, making 'All of the above' the correct choice.

When insects are fossilized, it is usually in

• Amber

• Soft sediment

• Volcanic ash

Answer explanation

Insects are often fossilized in amber, which is tree resin that can preserve them in remarkable detail. While soft sediment and volcanic ash can also preserve fossils, amber is the most common medium for insect fossils.