Quiz on Behavioural Explanations for Phobias

What is the core idea of behaviourism in relation to phobias?

• All behaviour is learned through interactions with the environment.

• Behaviour is a result of cognitive processes.

• Behaviour is determined by genetic factors.

• All behaviour is innate and unchangeable.

Which theory involves learning by association?

• Biological Conditioning

• Cognitive Conditioning

• Classical Conditioning

• Operant Conditioning

What does Mowrer’s Two-Process Model explain?

• The acquisition and maintenance of phobias

• The cognitive development of phobias

• The social influence on phobias

• The genetic basis of phobias

In the Little Albert study, what was the neutral stimulus?

• A loud noise

• A white rat

• A Santa mask

• A rabbit

What is stimulus generalization?

• Fear response spreading to similar stimuli

• Fear response to a single stimulus

• Fear response being unlearned

• Fear response diminishing over time

What is negative reinforcement in the context of phobias?

• Introducing a new fear to replace an old one

• Punishing a behaviour to decrease its occurrence

• Providing a reward to increase a behaviour

• Avoiding a feared object to gain relief

Which technique uses conditioning principles to help unlearn phobias?

• Cognitive Restructuring

• Systematic Desensitization

• Psychoanalysis

• Mindfulness Meditation

What is a limitation of the behavioural approach to phobias?

• It overemphasizes genetic influences.

• It lacks empirical support.

• It ignores cognitive factors.

• It considers biological preparedness.

What is the purpose of systematic desensitization?

• To replace the phobia with another fear

• To gradually reduce fear response to a specific stimulus

• To rapidly extinguish the phobic response

• To increase the intensity of the phobic response

What is reciprocal inhibition?

• Two opposing emotions cannot exist simultaneously.

• Fear and anxiety can coexist.

• Relaxation increases fear response.

• Fear response is replaced by another fear.