Nucleic Acids Amplification & Sequencing

What are the most commonly analysed nucleic acids?

• Chromosomal DNA

• Plasmid DNA

• Messenger RNA (mRNA)

• All of the above

What is the first step in the isolation process of nucleic acids?

• Isolation

• Cell lysis

• Concentration

• Amplification

What method can be used to isolate DNA using buoyant densities?

• Centrifugation

• CsCl density gradient centrifugation

• Precipitation

• Size exclusion chromatography

What is the role of the detergent in total cellular DNA isolation?

• To disrupt cellular walls

• To precipitate DNA

• To digest proteins

• To isolate RNA

What is a common method for RNA isolation?

• Proteinase K method

• CsCl density gradient centrifugation

• Ethanol precipitation

• Centrifugation

What is the principle of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?

• Amplification of specific nucleic acid sequences

• Isolation of DNA

• Separation of RNA from DNA

• Digestion of proteins

What are the three temperature-controlled steps in PCR?

• Denaturation, Annealing, Extension

• Isolation, Amplification, Extraction

• Lysis, Precipitation, Centrifugation

• Digestion, Isolation, Amplification

What is the role of DNA polymerase in PCR?

• To catalyse the synthesis of complementary DNA strands

• To isolate RNA

• To digest proteins

• To precipitate DNA

What are primers in the context of PCR?

• Short oligonucleotides complementary to the target sequence

• Enzymes that catalyse DNA synthesis

• Buffers that maintain pH

• Building blocks for DNA synthesis

What are the four deoxynucleotide triphosphates used in PCR?

• dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP

• dAMP, dCMP, dGMP, dTMP

• ATP, CTP, GTP, TTP

• dA, dC, dG, dT