Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy split due to differences in:

• Military strategy (and trade)

• Religious doctrine and church authority

• Economic policies (and infrastructure)

• Language and literature

Refer to the map showing the Schism of 1054 and the spread of Christianity. The Eastern Orthodox Church was primarily centered in:

• Rome

• Constantinople

• Alexandria

• Antioch

The diagram can best describe the development of feudalism in medieval Europe because:

• it shows the hierarchical relationships between different social classes

• it illustrates the spread of Christianity

• it depicts the rise of city-states

• it explains the decline of the Roman Empire

Refer to the diagram of the feudal system pyramid. Which group is at the top of the feudal system hierarchy?

• Kings

• Nobles

• Pope

• Knights

Which of the following best explains the need for protection in Western Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire?

• Growing trade routes (and need for more markets)

• Weak central governments and the need for protection

• Expansion of the church (and the need for security)

• Scientific advancements (and the need for innovations)

The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD would affect Western Europe in which three of the following ways?

• Decline of centralized government

• Rise of feudalism

• Spread of Christianity stopped

• Increase in trade with Asia

• Loss of classical knowledge

How did Islam impact Medieval Europe and Asia as it spread its influence?

• Caliphates expanded their territory into Christian controlled lands

• Muslim traders acted as missionaries to introduce Islam to new lands

• Provided a multi-cultural model of society

• Forced religious conversion on people in Islamic controlled lands

• Stopped trading with Christian controlled lands

The Crusades contributed to the end of the Medieval Period by:

• strengthening the power of the Church

• increasing trade and cultural exchange with the East

• reducing the influence of monarchs

• isolating Europe from the rest of the world

Refer to the map showing the main routes followed by the first crusade. Which of the following was a result of the Crusades?

• The reconquest of Jerusalem by Christians

• Increased cultural and trade exchanges between Europe and the Middle East

• The decline of the Byzantine Empire

• Strengthening of feudalism in Europe

The Black Death had which of the following effects on medieval Europe?

• Decreased wages for workers

• Strengthened the feudal system

• A major decline in population and weakened feudalism

• Increased power of the Catholic Church