FULL NAME (LN, FN, M.I)

SECTION

• CS-2201
• CS-2202

Which of the following best explains why DDBMS can improve communication in organizations?

• It allows data compression across all networks
• It stores backup data for all departments
• It places data closer to the sites of highest usage, reducing data access latency
• It eliminates the need for data encryption

In a distributed environment, what would be a likely consequence of lacking failure transparency?

• Users experience increased query speed
• A local node failure could affect the entire system’s operation
• System backups become unnecessary
• Data becomes more fragmented

Why is distributed concurrency control more complex than in centralized systems?

• Because data is always replicated in distributed systems
• Because transactions may involve multiple sites, increasing the risk of deadlocks and inconsistencies
• Because distributed systems do not support rollback
• Because logs are not available at each site

What is the main function of the distributed data catalog (DDC)?

• Maintains metadata about the fragments and locations of the distributed database
• Acts as a temporary buffer for distributed transactions
• Stores encryption keys for all data nodes
• Handles user authentication and access control

Why is the DO-UNDO-REDO protocol crucial in distributed databases?

• It improves database normalization
• It supports read-only transactions only
• It compresses logs before storage
• It ensures that transactions can be rolled back or forward to maintain consistency

Which feature allows a single SQL statement to access data from multiple remote sites?

• Distributed transaction
• Remote transaction
• Distributed request
• Global query coordinator

Why is the CAP theorem significant in designing distributed databases?

• It defines encryption protocols for distributed systems
• It guides trade-offs between consistency, availability, and partition tolerance
• It prescribes the database normalization levels for distributed systems
• It recommends replication frequencies

What is the main reason for employing the two-phase commit protocol in distributed transactions?

• To speed up query execution
• To validate data types in SQL statements
• To synchronize clocks across distributed nodes
• To ensure that all involved sites either commit or roll back the transaction collectively