OS Final Exam 2025

A set of processes is in deadlock when:

• All are running

• All are terminated

• Each is blocked and can't proceed

• They are waiting to start

The address of the next instruction to be executed by the current process is provided by the:

• IR

• AC

• PC

• MAR

A single thread of control allows a process to:

• Run in parallel

• Only one task at a time

• Share memory

• Use multiple CPUs

The objective of multi-programming is to::

• Reduce memory usage

• To maximize CPU utilization

• Save power

• Reduce user interaction

What is a long-term scheduler?

• Chooses the next I/O operation

• It selects which process has to be brought into the ready queue

• Allocates memory

• Manages file systems

What is a short-term scheduler?

• Allocates RAM

• It selects which process has to be executed next and allocates CPU

• Loads programs from disk

• Manages long-term planning

The primary distinction between the short-term and long-term scheduler is:

• Scheduling method

• Memory usage

• The frequency of their execution

• Number of processes handled

In a multiprogramming system:

• One process runs at a time

• Only background tasks run

• More than one process resides in the memory

• Only I/O processes are allowed

Which of the following state transitions is not possible??

• New → Ready

• Blocked → Running

• Running → Blocked

• Ready → Running

Which of the following is a synchronization tool?

• Thread

• Semaphore

• Process control block

• Scheduler