What is a sampling distribution?

• A distribution of individual data points

• A distribution of sample statistics

• A distribution of population parameters

• A distribution of residual errors

Which of the following sample statistics typically forms a sampling distribution?

• Sample mean

• Sample standard deviation

• Sample proportion

• All of the above

What does the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) state?

• The population mean and sample mean are always the same.

• The sampling distribution of the sample mean approaches a normal distribution as sample size increases.

• The sample variance equals the population variance.

• The median is always a reliable measure of central tendency

If a sample size increases, the standard error of the mean will:

• Decrease

• Stay constant

• Become negative

• Stay constant

Which of the following is a point estimate of a population parameter

• Confidence interval

• Sample variance

• Standard error

• Margin of error

The standard error of the mean is defined as:

• The standard deviation of the sample divided by the square root of the sample size

• The square root of the sample variance

• The median of the sample values

• The difference between the sample mean and population mean

What assumption is typically made when using the t-distribution for parameter estimation?

• The sample size is greater than 30

• The data follows a normal distribution

• The population variance is known

• The population mean is zero

In the context of parameter estimation, what does the term 'degrees of freedom' refer to?

• The number of independent values in a calculation

• The confidence level of the estimation

• The sample size minus the number of estimated parameters

• The number of significant digits in the data

Which statement represents a type I error?

• The jury believes that the defendant is guilty when, in fact, he is innocent.

• The jury believes that the defendant is guilty when, in fact, he is not innocent.

• The jury believes that the defendant is not guilty when, in fact, he is not innocent.

• The jury believes that the defendant is not guilty when, in fact, he is innocent.

Which statement represents a type II error?

• The jury believes that the defendant is guilty when, in fact, he is not innocent.

• The jury believes that the defendant is guilty when, in fact, he is innocent.

• The jury believes that the defendant is not guilty when, in fact, he is not innocent.

• The jury believes that the defendant is not guilty when, in fact, he is innocent.