Which of the following best describes the concept of pipelining in CPU architecture?

• It increases the clock speed of the processor

• It allows multiple instructions to be executed simultaneously

• It enables direct data transfer between CPU registers and storage devices

• It eliminates the need for instruction decoding

What is the primary advantage of using a superscalar processor?

• It reduces power consumption

• It allows multiple instructions to be executed per clock cycle

• It increases memory bandwidth

• It eliminates the need for virtual memory

Which memory management technique allows the execution of processes that are not entirely in memory?

• Paging

• Caching

• Fragmentation

• Direct Memory Access (DMA)

Which interconnect topology is commonly used in modern multi-core processors?

• Star topology

• Bus topology

• Torus topology

• Ring topology

What is the main purpose of Direct Memory Access (DMA) in a computer system?

• To allow the CPU to directly access cache memory

• To manage power consumption in processors

• To improve the execution speed of programs

• To enable peripherals to transfer data to memory without CPU intervention

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a NUMA (Non-Uniform Memory Access) system?

• Each processor has its own local memory with varying access times to remote memory

• All processors share a single memory pool with equal access times

• It is primarily used in mobile computing for energy efficiency

• It eliminates the need for multi-threading

What is the role of a Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) in memory management?

• It prevents memory fragmentation

• It provides an alternative to page tables

• It stores frequently used instructions for faster execution

• It speeds up virtual-to-physical address translation

Which factor primarily determines the performance of a cache memory system?

• Cache size and associativity

• The number of CPU cores

• The speed of secondary storage

• The type of network interface used

In computer architecture, what is speculative execution?

• Predicting memory access patterns to improve cache performance

• Reducing CPU clock speed to save power

• Executing instructions before determining if they are needed

• Running multiple operating systems simultaneously

Which of the following best describes a hybrid processor architecture?

• It supports both x86 and ARM-based instructions

• It integrates CPU and GPU cores on the same die

• It combines RISC and CISC instruction sets

• It uses hardware virtualization to run multiple OS instances