What does the term "cold boot" refer to?

• Rebooting the system

• Turning on the system after it was completely powered off

• Shutting down the system

• Putting the system in sleep mode

The process of transferring control from BIOS/UEFI to the bootloader is called:

• Bootstrapping

• Handshaking

• Context switching

• Preemption

Which of the following is not a valid state in a process state diagram?

• Ready

• Blocked

• Waiting

• Suspended

The Process Control Block (PCB) contains information about the process, except:

• Process ID

• Program Counter

• CPU registers

• System clock

Which of the following is used for communication between processes?

• Memory mapping

• Paging

• Shared memory

• Virtual memory

What is the main purpose of a process scheduler?

• Allocate resources to processes

• Manage memory

• Schedule processes for CPU execution

• Handle file I/O operations

A thread is also referred to as a:

• Process Control Block

• Lightweight process

• Independent process

• Kernel process

Which system call is used to create a new process in UNIX-like systems?

• exec()

• fork()

• wait()

• clone()

What does the ‘parent process’ do when it terminates a child process?

• Releases memory

• Sends a termination signal

• Deallocates resources

• All of the above

The mechanism where processes communicate using messages is called:

• Shared memory system

• Message passing system

• Paging system

• Virtual memory system