2025 Physical Science Final

You leave your bicycle out in the rain and it rusts. What kind of change is this?

• a. physical
• b. chemical

Trimming a plant because it has grown too high. What kind of change is this?

• a. physical
• b. chemical

The blades of a hand mixer spin when electricity powers the machine. What is the energy transformation?

• Electrical energy to chemical energy
• Electrical energy to mechanical energy

How do Newton's laws apply to the motion of vehicles on the road?

• Newton's First Law explains why a car stays in motion unless acted upon by an external force, such as friction or air resistance
• Newton's Second Law relates the acceleration of a vehicle to the net force applied to it, such as pressing the gas pedal or applying the brakes.
• Newton's Third Law describes the equal and opposite reaction between the tires of the vehicle and the road surface, allowing the vehicle to move forward.
• All of the above.

By definition, an object is in motion if its ___________ changes.

• force
• position

What do a toaster, a hair dryer, and an microwave have in common?

• They convert electrical energy into heat energy.
• They convert electrical energy into potential energy.

Answering your cell phone transforms the chemical energy in its battery into ____.

• Electromagnetic energy
• Radiant energy
• Sound energy
• Thermal energy
• All of the above

Newton's First Law of Motion states that an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by:

• an outside force
• an equal and opposite reaction

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

• velocity = speed with a direction
• speed = distance plus time

Which of the following states of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?

• Solid
• Liquid