MS-PS3-4 Review Energy

What is thermal energy fundamentally a measure of?

• Total number of particles in a substance
• Average kinetic energy of particles
• Total volume of a material
• Chemical bonds between atoms

When thermal energy is added to a substance, what typically happens to its particles?

• They become completely stationary
• They increase their average motion
• They shrink in size
• They lose kinetic energy

Which variable does NOT directly influence temperature change?

• Mass of the object
• Amount of energy added/removed
• Color of the substance
• Type of material

In an experiment measuring temperature change, what is the dependent variable?

• Mass
• Energy input
• Temperature
• Material type

Why do scientists conduct multiple trials in an experiment?

• To increase experiment cost
• To improve measurement accuracy
• To waste time
• To confuse other researchers

What happens to particle motion when thermal energy increases?

• Particles stop moving
• Particle motion decreases
• Particle motion increases
• Particles become invisible

Which factor would cause the LARGEST temperature change in an experiment?

• Large mass of material
• Small mass of material
• Medium mass of material
• No mass difference

Thermal energy always moves from:

• Cold objects to hot objects
• Hot objects to cold objects
• Objects of equal temperature
• Underground to surface

What prevents accurate temperature change measurements?

• Using identical containers
• Thermal energy transfer between objects
• Consistent experimental conditions
• Multiple measurement trials

Temperature is best described as a measure of:

• Total energy in a system
• Particle count
• Average particle motion
• Chemical reactivity