What is the "rule of four"?

At least four justices must agree to hear a case.

A case must be decided by at least four votes.

Four amendments must be cited in every case.

Four lawyers must be present in every hearing.

Written arguments submitted by lawyers explaining each side’s position in a case.

A type of legal document used to record court proceedings.

A summary of a judge’s final decision in a case.

A list of witnesses called to testify in court.

What are oral arguments?

In short presentations by lawyers in front of the justices, the justices can ask questions.

Written statements submitted to the court by lawyers.

Private discussions between justices without lawyers present.

A type of evidence presented by witnesses in court.

What is a majority opinion?

It is the official decision of the Court and explains why the majority of justices ruled that way.

It is a personal statement by a single justice expressing disagreement with the Court's decision.

It is a summary of the arguments presented by the lawyers in the case.

It is a document that lists the names of all the justices involved in the case.

What is a dissenting opinion?

It is written by justices who disagree with the majority decision.

It is a summary of the majority opinion.

It is a legal document issued by the president.

It is a law passed by Congress.

What is a concurring opinion?

It is written by justices who agree with the decision but for different reasons.

It is written by justices who disagree with the decision entirely.

It is the official statement of the court's decision.

It is a summary of the case facts prepared by the court clerk.

Why is the Supreme Court important?

It protects constitutional rights and has the final say in interpreting the law.

It creates new laws for the country.

It manages the country's finances.

It enforces laws through the police.

What is the Supreme Court’s main job?

To decide whether laws are consistent with the U.S. Constitution.

To create new laws for the country.

To enforce laws passed by Congress.

When does the Supreme Court have original jurisdiction?

In cases where there is a dispute between two states or diplomats from foreign countries.

In cases involving traffic violations within a state.

In cases of local property disputes.

In cases of federal tax evasion.

What was the significance of Marbury v. Madison?

It established the power of judicial review.

It ended the practice of judicial appointments.

It created the first federal court.

It abolished the Supreme Court.

Who enforces the Supreme Court’s decisions?

The executive branch and local officials.

What was Congress doing when it passed the Fourteenth Amendment?

Overturning the Supreme Court's decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford.

Declaring war on a foreign nation.

Granting women the right to vote.

What two types of cases fall under the Supreme Court’s original jurisdiction?

Disputes between two or more states and cases involving foreign diplomats.

Criminal cases involving federal law and bankruptcy cases.

Appeals from state supreme courts and patent disputes.

Civil cases between citizens of different states and tax cases.

Why is having diverse backgrounds and experiences among justices important?

It brings different perspectives to decisions.

It ensures all justices have the same opinion.

It limits the number of cases heard.

It reduces the need for legal training.

Where do most Supreme Court cases come from?

Cases initiated by the President.

Direct petitions from citizens.

What is a writ of certiorari?

A legal order, meaning "to make more certain," is used to request Supreme Court review.

A type of criminal indictment issued by a grand jury.

A formal request for a presidential pardon.

A legislative act declaring a person or group guilty of a crime.

What kinds of cases does the Supreme Court usually select?

Cases involving important constitutional questions like free speech, equal protection, or fair trials.

Cases about minor traffic violations.

Cases involving local zoning disputes only.

Cases about personal disagreements between neighbors.

Should there be diversity among Supreme Court justices? Why?

Yes. Different genders, ethnicities, and backgrounds bring different perspectives. For example, a woman may better understand cases about women's rights.

No. All justices should have the same background to ensure consistency.

No. Diversity is not important in the judicial system.

Yes. But only in terms of age, not gender or ethnicity.

Are trials held in the circuit court?

Yes, all trials are held in the circuit court.

Only civil trials are held in the circuit court.

Only criminal trials are held in the circuit court.

What do appeals court judges rule on?

Whether the original trial was fair.

The guilt or innocence of the defendant.

The amount of evidence presented in the trial.

The length of the original trial.

When can a circuit court reverse a trial result?

If the original judge made an error.

If the jury was larger than usual.

If the trial was held on a weekend.

If the defendant wore a blue suit.

Judicial Branch Study Guide: Chapter 9 – Lessons 3 & 4

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Judicial Branch Study Guide: Chapter 9 – Lessons 3 & 4

54 questions

How many levels are there in the federal court system?

What is the role of the District Courts?

What is the role of the Courts of Appeals?

What can the Court of Appeals do in a case?

What is the role of the Supreme Court?

How are federal judges selected?

How long do federal judges serve?

What is the main job of the federal courts?

What is judicial review?

What case established judicial review?

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