Chem 1 Exam Review Unit 1B - Matter

A unique physical property describing the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas (throughout the sample).

• boiling point

• melting point

• freezing point

• condensation point

Answer explanation

The boiling point is the unique temperature at which a liquid transitions to a gas throughout the sample. This distinguishes it from the melting point (solid to liquid) and freezing point (liquid to solid).

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Property or change in matter observable by NOT changing the substance into a new substance.

• physical property/change

• chemical property/change

• nuclear property/change

• biological property/change

Answer explanation

A physical property or change can be observed without altering the substance into a new one, such as changes in state or appearance. In contrast, a chemical property/change involves a transformation into a different substance.

"Energy Cannot be Created or Destroyed".

• law of conservation of energy

• law of inertia

• law of universal gravitation

• law of motion

Answer explanation

The phrase "Energy Cannot be Created or Destroyed" describes the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy can only change forms but cannot be created or eliminated.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

State of matter with indefinite shape and indefinite volume.

• gas (vapor)

• solid

• liquid

• plasma

Answer explanation

A gas (vapor) has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume, allowing it to expand and fill any container. In contrast, solids have a fixed shape and volume, and liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Measurement of the AVERAGE kinetic energy of a substance.

• temperature

• mass

• volume

• pressure

Answer explanation

Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Higher temperatures indicate greater kinetic energy, making it the correct choice for this question.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Change in state from gas directly to solid.

• deposition

• sublimation

• condensation

• evaporation

Answer explanation

The change from gas directly to solid is called deposition. This process occurs when gas molecules lose energy and transition into a solid state without becoming liquid first.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A unique physical property describing the temperature at which a crystalline solid changes to a liquid.

• melting point

• boiling point

• sublimation point

• condensation point

Answer explanation

The melting point is the specific temperature at which a crystalline solid transitions to a liquid. This property is distinct from the boiling point, which refers to the transition from liquid to gas.

State of matter that is a super-heated gas with atoms separated into charged particles (ions and electrons); most common in universe.

• plasma

• solid

• liquid

• bose-einstein condensate

Answer explanation

Plasma is a state of matter where gas is super-heated, causing atoms to separate into charged particles (ions and electrons). It is the most common state in the universe, found in stars and lightning.

Change in state from liquid to gas throughout the entire sample at a particular temperature.

• boiling

• evaporation

• freezing

• condensation

Answer explanation

Boiling is the process where a liquid changes to gas throughout the entire sample at a specific temperature, unlike evaporation, which occurs only at the surface. Thus, the correct answer is boiling.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Change in state from solid directly to gas.

• sublimation

• condensation

• melting

• deposition

Answer explanation

The change from solid directly to gas is called sublimation. This process occurs without passing through the liquid state, as seen in substances like dry ice (solid CO2) that turn into gas at room temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4