Earth's Structure

What are Igneous rocks?

• Rocks formed from the cooling of magma or molten rock on Earth's surface.

• Rocks that are formed by the compression of sediments over time.

• Rocks that are formed from the alteration of existing rocks due to heat and pressure.

• Rocks that are formed from the accumulation of organic materials.

Describe the inner core of Earth.

• It is made mostly of iron & nickel and is extremely hot (over 6000 degrees Celsius).

• It is composed mainly of silicon and oxygen, and is relatively cool.

• It is a liquid layer that flows freely due to high temperatures.

• It is primarily made of water and is located just beneath the mantle.

What causes weathering?

• Wind, water, and ice.

• Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

• High temperatures and humidity.

• Chemical reactions in the atmosphere.

Describe the mantle.

• It is a liquid layer that flows like water.

• It is a solid rocky layer, but is at such high temperatures and pressures that it is described much like warm wax.

• It is a gaseous layer surrounding the Earth.

• It is a thin layer of ice that covers the Earth's surface.

What is the thinnest layer of Earth’s geosphere that also floats?

• The mantle.

• The core.

• The crust.

• The lithosphere.

What are fossils?

• Fossils are the preserved remains, impressions, or traces of once living things and are found in sedimentary rocks.

• Fossils are ancient rocks that have been transformed into minerals over time.

• Fossils are the remains of living organisms that are found in igneous rocks.

• Fossils are the preserved remains of plants and animals that lived in the ocean only.

What are Sedimentary rocks?

• Rocks formed from volcanic activity

• Rocks that are formed from the cooling of magma

• Sediments are compacted into layers and are compressed and cemented together into rocks.

• Rocks that are formed from the metamorphosis of existing rocks.

What is erosion?

• A process where rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by weathering.

• A process where rocks are moved by rain, wind, and running water.

• A process that involves the formation of new rocks from magma.

• A process that occurs only in deserts and dry areas.

What is deposition?

• The process by which material is deposited or laid down in a new place.

• The process of removing material from a surface.

• The process of transforming solid material into gas.

• The process of mixing different materials together.

What is a convergent boundary?

• A boundary where two plates move apart.

• A boundary where two plates slide past each other.

• A convergent boundary occurs when two plates come together.

• A boundary where one plate sinks beneath another.