VA in the 1900s

Who was Oliver W. Hill, Sr?

• A lawyer and civil rights leader who fought for equal rights of African Americans and played a key role in the Brown v. Board of Education decision.

• A famous author known for his works on civil rights and social justice.

• A politician who served as a governor and advocated for educational reforms.

• An activist who focused on environmental issues and climate change.

What was the Massive Resistance movement in Virginia?

• A campaign to promote the integration of public schools in Virginia.

• A movement where Virginia's government resisted the desegregation of public schools and closed them to avoid integration.

• An initiative to provide equal funding for all public schools in Virginia.

• A protest against the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education.

What important decision was made in Brown V. Board of Education?

• "Separate but equal" schools were unconstitutional.

• Public schools must remain segregated by race.

• All schools must be privately funded.

• Schools can choose to segregate based on local laws.

Who was Arthur R. Ashe Jr?

• He was a famous basketball player.

• He was the first African American winner of major men’s tennis singles championship; author and eloquent spokesperson for social change.

• He was a renowned football coach.

• He was a prominent jazz musician.

Who was Linwood Holton?

• A governor known for promoting racial equality and appointing more African Americans and women to state government positions than his predecessors.

• A famous civil rights leader who fought against segregation in the 1960s.

• A politician who opposed the integration of schools in Virginia.

• A renowned author who wrote extensively about American history.

Who was Maggie Walker?

• First African American in the United States to establish a bank and become a bank president

• A famous civil rights activist in the 1960s

• The first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean

• A renowned author of children's books

What is Brown V. Board of Education?

• A Supreme Court case about school segregation initiated by a student strike in Farmville, VA.

• A law passed in 1954 that mandated school segregation.

• A historical event where students protested against school uniforms.

• A Supreme Court decision that upheld the legality of segregation in schools.

How did Virginia change in the 1900s?

• Mechanical inventions & improvements made farming easier, people moved to urban areas for economic opportunities, and transportation helped cities to grow.

• Virginia remained primarily rural with little change in farming practices.

• The population of Virginia decreased significantly due to emigration.

• Virginia became a major industrial hub with no impact on agriculture.

What happened during the Great Depression?

• A period of economic prosperity in the 1930s.

• A period of harsh economic conditions worldwide during the 1930s. Many Virginians lost their jobs, farms, homes and businesses. The federal government established New Deal programs to provide employment and ease many hardships.

• A time when the stock market reached its highest point in history.

• A series of technological advancements that improved living standards.

Who was Harry Byrd?

• A governor of Virginia known for his 'pay-as-you-go' policy for road improvements and led the Massive Resistance movement

• A famous author from Virginia who wrote about the Civil War

• A Civil Rights leader who fought against segregation in Virginia

• A U.S. Senator who advocated for environmental conservation