Ecology Quiz Review

Define the term 'abiotic' and give an example.

• non-living parts of an ecosystem. Example: sun, water, oxygen, CO2.

• living parts of an ecosystem. Example: plants, animals.

• a type of bacteria found in soil. Example: E. coli.

• a process of photosynthesis in plants.

Define the term 'autotroph' and give an example.

• producers; use energy from sunlight to form sugars. Example: plants, algae.

• organisms that feed on other organisms. Example: lions, tigers.

• organisms that decompose dead matter. Example: fungi, bacteria.

• organisms that live only in water. Example: fish, whales.

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Define the term 'biotic' and give an example.

• living parts of an ecosystem. Example: plants, animals, bacteria.

• non-living parts of an ecosystem. Example: rocks, water, air.

• chemical substances found in soil. Example: minerals, salts, nutrients.

• weather conditions affecting an ecosystem. Example: sunlight, temperature, rainfall.

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Define the term 'carrying capacity' and give an example.

• the number of individual organisms an environment can support. Example: snow rabbits.

• the speed at which an organism can reproduce. Example: cheetahs.

• the amount of food available in an ecosystem. Example: grass in a field.

• the distance an animal migrates each year. Example: monarch butterflies.

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Define the term 'community' and give an example.

• all the various populations in an area that interact. Example: all cacti, lizards, birds, etc. in desert.

• a group of the same species living together. Example: a herd of deer.

• the physical environment where an organism lives. Example: a pond.

• an individual organism. Example: a single cactus.

Define the term 'ecosystem' and give an example.

• all the living and nonliving components of an area. Example: all fish, insects, water, sun in river.

• only the living organisms in an area. Example: all fish and insects in a river.

• only the nonliving components of an area. Example: water and sun in a river.

• a single species living in an area. Example: only fish in a river.

Define the term 'habitat' and give an example.

• the place where an organism obtains food, shelter, etc. Example: tide pool; our pond.

• a type of weather pattern found in a region. Example: monsoon; drought.

• the process by which plants make their own food. Example: photosynthesis.

• a group of animals living together. Example: herd; flock.

Define the term 'heterotroph' and give an example.

• consumers; get energy by eating other organisms. Example: humans, turtles, lions.

• organisms that produce their own food using sunlight. Example: plants, algae.

• organisms that decompose dead material. Example: fungi, bacteria.

• organisms that live only in water. Example: fish, whales.

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Define the term 'limiting factor' and give an example.

• things that restrain the growth of a population. Example: food, water, sunlight.

• things that increase the growth of a population. Example: predators, disease.

• things that have no effect on a population. Example: rocks, soil.

• things that only affect non-living things. Example: temperature, humidity.

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Define the term 'niche' and give an example.

• the unique role of an organism in an ecosystem. Example: grasses provide food for cows.

• the physical location where an organism lives. Example: a pond for a frog.

• the process by which plants make their own food. Example: photosynthesis in leaves.

• the interaction between predator and prey. Example: lions hunting zebras.